Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈili]
- Rhymes: -ili
- Hyphenation: i‧li
Etymology
ilu (“he, him”) + -i (“-s; plural”)
Pronoun
ili pl
- they, them (masculine)
- li (“they, them”)
- eli (“they, them”) (feminine)
- oli (“they, them”) (neuter)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʔili/ [ˈʔi.li]
- Hyphenation: i‧li
Noun
íli (plural il-ili, Kur-itan spelling ᜁᜎᜒ)
- village
- town
Conjugation
More information Singular, Plural/Distributive ...
|
Singular |
Plural/Distributive |
1st singular |
ilik |
il-ilik |
2nd singular |
ilim |
il-ilim |
3rd singular |
ilina |
il-ilina |
1st dual |
ilita |
il-ilita |
1st plural exclusive |
ilimi |
il-ilimi |
1st plural inclusive |
ilitayo |
il-ilitayo |
2nd plural |
iliyo |
il-iliyo |
3rd plural |
ilida |
il-ilida |
Close
Verb
ili (intensive aorist yettili, aorist yili, preterite yella, negative preterite yelli)
- (copula) to be
Ur yettili wergaz d izem, ulamma tella yemma-s d tasedda.- A man is not a lion, even if his mother was a lioness. (a proverb)
Adlis-nni yella s tefrensist.- The book was in French.
- (auxiliary) to be (forms progressive constructions)
Lliɣ ttɛummeɣ.- I was swimming.
Ad tiliḍ ttetteḍ kra.- You'll be eating something.
- to exist
Usage notes
- The predicate noun phrase of this verb is often preceded by the copular predicative particle d. In fact, this verb can be omitted and the copular predication can be facilitated by d alone.
- As a progressive auxiliary, ili is conjugated in the preterite (past progressive) or aorist (future progressive). The modified verb is in the intensive aorist and agrees with the same subject as the copula.
Pronunciation
- (Chahandusi, Qingshui, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [ili]
- (Qingshui, Baizhuang, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [iːli]
- (Daowei, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [illi]
- (Jiezi, Gaizi, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [eli]
- (Chahandusi, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [ele]
- (Ili, Yining, Xinjiang) IPA(key): [ilæ]
Adverb
ili
- front (side)
- before
Derived terms
- iliden (“from the beginning”), ileden
- iligi, ilegi
References
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “ili, i:li, ele, eli, illi”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 337
- 马伟 (Ma Wei), 朝克 (Chao Ke) (2016) “ili”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 国家社会科学基金项目 (National Social Science Foundation Project), pages 261, 299
- Yakup, Abdurishid (2002) “ilɛ-dɛn”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon, Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 118
- 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985) “ili, ili jɑnɘ”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar], Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, page 118