Etymology
From Old Latin honōs, a form notably still used by Cicero, of unknown origin; possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root *gʰon- or *ǵʰon- (which in turn can lead to the reconstruction of an early Proto-Italic form *xonōs before Old Latin), but lacking any clear cognates.[1][2]
References
- “honor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “honor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- honor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- honor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- a man who has held every office (up to the consulship): vir defunctus honoribus
- a man who has held many offices: honoribus ac reipublicae muneribus perfunctus (De Or. 1. 45)
- a man who has held many offices: amplis honoribus usus (Sall. Iug. 25. 4)
- (ambiguous) to be deprived of the rites of burial: sepulturae honore carere
- (ambiguous) to be honoured, esteemed by some one: esse in honore apud aliquem
- (ambiguous) to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
- (ambiguous) to kindle ambition in some one's mind: aliquem cupiditate honorum inflammare (or aliquem ad cupiditatem honorum inflammare)
- (ambiguous) to aspire to dignity, high honours: honores concupiscere (opp. aspernari)
- (ambiguous) to speak of some one respectfully: honoris causa aliquem nominare or appellare
- (ambiguous) to pay divine honours to some one: alicui divinos honores tribuere, habere
- (ambiguous) to rise, mount to the honours of office: ad honores ascendere
- (ambiguous) to reach the highest grade of office: amplissimos honorum gradus assequi, adipisci
- (ambiguous) to attain to the highest offices: ad summos honores pervenire (cf. also sect. V. 17)
- (ambiguous) to seek office: petere magistratum, honores
- (ambiguous) to invest a person with a position of dignity: honores alicui mandare, deferre
- “honor”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “honor”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “honōs, -ōris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 288
Voyles, Joseph & Barrack, Charles (2009): An Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Early Indo-European Languages