gratuitus

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Latin

Etymology

From *grātu- (grace(?)) + -ītus (adjective-forming suffix), from the root of grātia (favor) and grātus (showing favor) (reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-) + the action noun suffix *-tus.[1] The u-stem action noun is attested in Celtic languages; see Proto-Celtic *brātus. Compare the formation of fortuītus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

grātuītus (feminine grātuīta, neuter grātuītum, adverb grātuītō); first/second-declension adjective

  1. freely given, free, gratuitous
  2. vain, fruitless, futile
    Synonyms: ingratus, infelix, irritus
    Antonyms: opportūnus, commodus, habilis, idōneus, conveniēns, ūtilis, ūtēnsilis, aptus, habilis, salūber, ūtibilis

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “grātus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271

Further reading

  • gratuitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • gratuitus in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • gratuitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • gratuitus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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