furnus

Latin

Alternative forms

• fornus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fornos, from earlier xʷornos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥-nós, from *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”).^[1] Cognate with Old Irish gorn, Proto-Slavic *gъrnъ, Albanian zjarr, Old Armenian ջերմ (ǰerm). Related to formus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈfur.nus/, [ˈfʊrnʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfur.nus/, [ˈfurnus]

Noun

furnus m (genitive furnī); second declension

1. oven
2. bakery

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	furnus	furnī
genitive	furnī	furnōrum
dative	furnō	furnīs
accusative	furnum	furnōs
ablative	furnō	furnīs
vocative	furne	furnī

Related terms

• fornax
• fornix (probably)

Descendants

• Corsican: fornu, forru, furru
• Dalmatian: forno
• Istriot: furno
• Italian: forno
• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: furnu, fur, furu, furnã
• Emilian: fåuren
• Extremaduran: fornu
• Franco-Provençal: forn
• Lombard: fòrn
• Navarro-Aragonese:
  • Aragonese: forno
• Neapolitan: furno
• Old French: forn
  • French: four
  • Norman: fou, four (Guernsey)
  • Walloon: for
• Old Occitan: forn
  • Occitan: forn
• Catalan: forn
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: fornu, forno, furnu, ḥornu
  • Mirandese: forno
• Old Galician-Portuguese: forno
  • Fala: fornu, folnu
  • Galician: forno
  • Portuguese: forno
    • Guinea-Bissau Creole: furnu
• Old Spanish: forno
  • Spanish: horno, forno (archaic)
    • → Cebuano: orno
    • → Tagalog: hurno
• Piedmontese: furn
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: fôr
  • Ladin: forn
  • Romansch: furn, fuorn
• Sardinian: forru, furru
• Sicilian: furnu
• → Albanian: furrë
• → Ancient Greek: φοῦρνος (phoûrnos)
  • Greek: φούρνος (foúrnos)
    • → Turkish: fırın
  • → Aramaic:

    Hebrew script: פורנא (fūrnāʾ)

    Syriac script: ܦܘܪܢܐ (fūrnāʾ)

    • → Arabic: فرن (furn)
      • Hijazi Arabic: فرن (furun)
      • Maltese: forn
      • Turkish: fırın
  • → Old Armenian: փուռն (pʻuṙn)
    • Armenian: փուռ (pʻuṙ)
  • ⇒ Byzantine Greek: φουρνίν (phournín)
    • Pontic Greek: φουρνίν (fournín), φουρνί (fourní)
      • → Laz: ჶურნი (furni), ჶუნნი (funni)
• → Bulgarian: фурна (furna)
• → Cornish: forn
• → Dutch: fornuis
• → Georgian: ფურნე (purne)
  • → Mingrelian: ფურნე (purne)
• → Kabyle: ufarnu
• → Macedonian: фурна (furna)
• → Old Irish: sorn, sornn
  • Irish: sorn
  • Manx: sorn
  • Scottish Gaelic: sòrn
  • → Faroese: sornur
  • → Norwegian Nynorsk: sonn
• → Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: фуруна

  Latin script: furuna

• → Welsh: ffwrn
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *furnellus
  • Italian: fornello
  • Old French:
    • French: fourneau
  • Old Occitan:
    • Catalan: fornell
    • Occitan: fornèl
  • Old Galician-Portuguese:
    • Portuguese: forninho
  • Old Spanish:
    • Spanish: hornillo
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Romansch: furnel
  • Sardinian: forredhu, furredhu
  • Sicilian: furneḍḍu

References

• “furnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “furnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• furnus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• furnus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “furnus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “furnus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “fornus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 235