dies Dominicus

Latin

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dies Dominicus

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Days of the week

Previous:	diēs Sabbatī, diēs Sāturnī
Next:	diēs Lūnae

Alternative forms

• diēs Dominica f
• Dominicus diēs, Dominica diēs

Etymology

From diēs m or f (“day”) +‎ dominicus (“of the Lord”).

Found from about AD 200 onwards as a Christian replacement for the pagan diēs Sōlis (literally “day of the sun-god Sol”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈdi.eːs doˈmi.ni.kus/, [ˈd̪ieːs̠ d̪ɔˈmɪnɪkʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈdi.es doˈmi.ni.kus/, [ˈd̪iːes d̪oˈmiːnikus]

Noun

diēs Dominicus m (genitive diēī Dominicī); fifth declension (Late Latin)

1. Sunday
   • late 4th c. CE, Egeria, Peregrinatio ad loca sancta 2.25:

     Cum luce autem, quia dominica dies est, et proceditur in ecclesia maiore, quam fecit Constantinus, quae ecclesia in Golgotha est post Crucem, et fiunt omnia secundum consuetudinem, qua et ubique fit die dominica.

     At dawn, however, as it is Sunday, the people go to the greater church built by Constantine, located in Golgotha behind the Cross. They carry out everything that is usual everywhere on Sunday.

Declension

Fifth-declension noun with a second-declension adjective.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	diēs Dominicus	diēs Dominicī
Genitive	diēī Dominicī	diērum Dominicōrum
Dative	diēī Dominicō	diēbus Dominicīs
Accusative	diem Dominicum	diēs Dominicōs
Ablative	diē Dominicō	diēbus Dominicīs
Vocative	diēs Dominice	diēs Dominicī

Coordinate terms

• diēs hebdomadis
• diēs Lūnae, fēria secunda
• diēs Mārtis, fēria tertia
• diēs Mercuriī, fēria quārta
• diēs Iovis, fēria quīnta
• diēs Veneris, fēria sexta
• diēs Sabbatī, diēs Sāturnī, sabbatum

Descendants

• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: diumenge
  • Old French: diemenche (see there for further descendants)
  • Occitan: dimenge
• Borrowings:
  • → Old Irish: día Domnaig
    • Irish: Dé Domhnaigh
    • Manx: Jedoonee
    • Scottish Gaelic: Didòmhnaich
• Calques:
  • → Chinese: 主日 (zhǔrì)
  • → English: Lord's Day
  • → Old Norse: drôttinsdagr
  • → Old High German: frôntag
  • → Vietnamese: Chủ nhật

Reflexes of a shortened *dominicus:

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: domingu
  • Leonese: domingu
  • Mirandese: demingo
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: domingo (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Spanish: domingo (see there for further descendants)
• Borrowings:
  • → Old Irish: domnach
    • Middle Irish: domnach
      • Irish: Domhnach
      • Manx: Doonaght
      • Scottish Gaelic: Dòmhnach

Reflexes of a shortened *dominica (from the variant diēs Dominica):

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: Dumãnicã
  • Romanian: duminică
• Dalmatian:
  • domienca
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: dumenica
  • Italian: domenica (see there for further descendants)
  • Neapolitan: dumeneca
  • Sicilian: dumìnica
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: demenge, demenche
• North Italian:
  • Emilian: dmanga, admanga, dmenga
  • Friulian: domenie
  • Ladin: domenia
  • Ligurian: doménega, dunmegna
  • Lombard: dumenega, domenga, dmenga, menga
  • Piedmontese: dmegna
  • Emilian: dmanga, dmenga
  • Romansch: dumengia
  • Venetian: doménega
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: domìniga
• Borrowings:
  • → Basque: domeka

References

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 335: “domenica” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “domĭnicus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 3: D–F, page 129