Noun
caraid m (genitive singular carad, nominative plural cairde)
- (Cois Fharraige) Alternative form of cara (“friend”)
Declension
More information Case, Singular ...
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Mutation
More information Irish mutation, Radical ...
Irish mutation |
Radical |
Lenition |
Eclipsis |
caraid |
charaid |
gcaraid |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
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Verb
caraid (conjunct ·cara, verbal noun serc or carthain)
- to love
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23d10
- nob·carad glosses uos desiderabat
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 56b31
Cía techtid nach aile ní ad·chobrai-siu ⁊ ní techtai-siu ón immurgu, ní étaigther-su immanísin, .i. ní ascnae ⁊ ní charae; is sí indala ch⟨í⟩all les isindí as emulari in sin.- Though another may possess what you may desire and you may however not possess, you should not be jealous of that thing, i.e. you should not seek after and love it; that is one of the two meanings that he finds in emulari.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 56b39
Ad·n‑amraigther .i. no·n‑étaigther .i. ad·cosnae són nó no·carae- that you sg may admire, i.e. that you may emulate i.e. that you may strive after or love
Inflection
More information 1st sg., 2nd sg. ...
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1st sg. |
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3rd sg. |
1st pl. |
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3rd pl. |
Passive sg. |
Passive pl. |
Present indicative |
Abs. |
caraim |
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caraid |
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carait |
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Conj. |
·caraim |
·cari |
·cara |
·caram |
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·carat |
·carthar |
·cartar |
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caras |
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cartae |
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Imperfect indicative |
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nob·carad (with dummy particle no- and infixed pronoun b-) |
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Preterite |
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carsait |
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·carsat |
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Perfect |
Deut. |
rot·charus (with infixed pronoun t-) |
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ro·car |
rondob·carsam (with infixed pronoun dob- in a nasal relative clause) |
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ro·carsat |
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Prot. |
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Future |
Abs. |
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Conj. |
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·cechra |
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·cechrat |
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Conditional |
·cechrainn |
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Present subjunctive |
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carae |
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Conj. |
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·carae |
·chara; ·rochra (ro-form) |
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·carat |
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Rel. |
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Past subjunctive |
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Imperative |
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carad |
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Verbal noun |
serc; carthain |
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Past participle |
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Verbal of necessity |
carthi |
Close
Simple, class A I present, s preterite, a future, a subjunctive
Mutation
More information Old Irish mutation, Radical ...
Old Irish mutation |
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
caraid |
charaid |
caraid pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
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Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caraid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 481
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /kʰaɾɪtʲ/
Noun
caraid m (genitive singular caraid, plural càirdean or caraidean)
- (male) friend
- Bu tu fhèin an caraid is cha b’ e sin a h-uile caraid. ― You’re an extraordinary friend.
- Cha chall na gheibh caraid. ― It is no loss what a friend gains.
- Is e an caraid caraid na crùthaig. ― A friend (to one) in need is a friend indeed.
- relative, cousin
Usage notes
- The vocative form is used when addressing people in correspondence:
- “A Charaid, ...” ― “Dear Sir, ...”
- “A Chàirdean, ...” ― “Dear Sirs, ...”
- “A Sheumais, a charaid, ...” ― “Dear James, ...”
Mutation
More information Scottish Gaelic mutation, Radical ...
Scottish Gaelic mutation |
Radical |
Lenition |
caraid | charaid |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Close
References
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “caraid”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN