bior

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɨ̞ɾˠ/^[1][2]
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɪɾˠ/^[3]

Etymology 1

From Old Irish bir (“stake”).^[4]

Noun

bior m (genitive singular beara, nominative plural bioranna)

1. point, tip
2. spike
3. spur
4. pin
5. (cooking) spit
6. (cricket) point, fielding position between gully and cover

Declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative bior bioranna Vocative a bhior a bhioranna Genitive beara bioranna Dative bior bioranna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an bior na bioranna Genitive an bheara na mbioranna Dative leis an mbior don bhior leis na bioranna

Declension of bior

Third declension

• Alternative genitive plural: bear

Derived terms

• bior fiacla m (“toothpick”)
• bior greanta m (“graver, burin”)
• bior oighir m (“icepick”)
• bior-róst (“spitroast”, verb)
• biorach (“pointed; sharp”, adjective)
• biorach m (“sharp, tricky, person; trick-winning card”)
• biorán m (“knitting needle; pin”)
• biorbheannach m (“pronghorn”)
• bioróg f (“rough horsetail”)

 

Etymology 2

From Old Irish bir (“water; spring, well, stream”).^[5]

Noun

bior m (genitive singular beara)

1. (literary) water

Declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative bior Vocative a bhior Genitive beara Dative bior

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an bior Genitive an bheara Dative leis an mbior don bhior

Declension of bior

Third declension

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
bior	bhior	mbior
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

1. Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 58
2. Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 95
3. Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 44
4. Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
5. Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 bir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bior”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish bir (“stake”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /piɾ/

Noun

bior m (genitive singular biora, plural bioran)

1. spike, tine, prong
2. spit, skewer
3. pin, prick, thorn
4. cusp

Derived terms

• air bhioran (“excited”)

See also

• bioran
• biorag
• biorach
• bioranach

Mutation

Mutation of bior

radical	lenition
bior	bhior

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “bior”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language