banir

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese banir (att. 1371), from Old French banir, from Late Latin bannīre, from Frankish.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baˈniɾ/

Verb

banir (first-person singular present bano, first-person singular preterite banín, past participle banido)
banir (first-person singular present bano, first-person singular preterite banim or bani, past participle banido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (literary) to banish
   • 1371, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Fueros municipales de Santiago y de su tierra, Madrid: Ediciones Castilla, page 434:

     por quanto estaua a dita iglesia e cidade interdicta, por quanto os do Concello da dita cidade se alçaran con el Rey de Portugal et con dom Fernando de Castro et banyron dende a o arcibispo dom Rodrigo, e se le alçaran con o señorio da dita cidade;

     because this city and cathedral was interdicted, because the people of the council of this city rose up with the king of Portugal and with Don Fernando de Castro and banished hence the bishop Don Rodrigo, and they acquired the lordship of the city

Conjugation

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	banir
Personal	banir	banires	banir	banirmos	banirdes	baniren
Gerund
	banindo
Past participle
Masculine	banido			banidos
Feminine	banida			banidas
Indicative
Present	bano	banes	bane	banimos	banides	banen
Imperfect	banía	banías	banía	baniamos	baniades	banían
Preterite	banín	baniches	baniu	banimos	banistes	baniron
Pluperfect	banira	baniras	banira	baniramos	banirades	baniran
Future	banirei	banirás	banirá	baniremos	baniredes	banirán
Conditional	baniría	banirías	baniría	baniriamos	baniriades	banirían
Subjunctive
Present	bana	banas	bana	banamos	banades	banan
Imperfect	banise	banises	banise	banísemos	banísedes	banisen
Future	banir	banires	banir	banirmos	banirdes	baniren
Imperative
Affirmative		bane	bana	banamos	banide	banan
Negative (non)		non banas	non bana	non banamos	non banades	non banan

    Conjugation of banir

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	banir
Personal	banir	banires	banir	banirmos	banirdes	banirem
Gerund
	banindo
Past participle
Masculine	banido			banidos
Feminine	banida			banidas
Indicative
Present	bano	banes	bane	banimos	banides, banis	banem
Imperfect	bania	banias	bania	baníamos	baníades, baníeis, baníais1	baniam
Preterite	banim, bani	baniste, baniche1	baniu	banimos	banistes	banírom, baniram
Pluperfect	banira	baniras	banira	baníramos	banírades, baníreis, banírais1	baniram
Future	banirei	banirás	banirá	baniremos	baniredes, banireis	banirám, banirão
Conditional	baniria	banirias	baniria	baniríamos	baniríades, baniríeis, baniríais1	baniriam
Subjunctive
Present	bana	banas	bana	banamos	banades, banais	banam
Imperfect	banisse	banisses	banisse	baníssemos	baníssedes, banísseis	banissem
Future	banir	banires	banir	banirmos	banirdes	banirem
Imperative
Affirmative		bane	bana	banamos	banide, bani	banam
Negative (nom)		nom banas	nom bana	nom banamos	nom banades, nom banais	nom banam

    Reintegrated conjugation of banir (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

¹Less recommended.

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “banyr”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “banyr”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “banir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “banir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French banir.

Verb

banir

1. to proclaim
2. to summon by ban (mil.), to raise (an army)
3. to banish, exclude

Old French

Alternative forms

• bannir

Etymology

From Late Latin bannīre, from Frankish.

Verb

banir

1. proclaim
2. summon
3. banish

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

		simple			compound
infinitive		banir			avoir bani
gerund		en banissant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		banissant
past participle		bani
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	banis	banis	banist	banissons	banissez	banissent
	imperfect	banissoie, banisseie	banissoies, banisseies	banissoit, banisseit	banissiiens, banissiens	banissiiez, banissiez	banissoient, banisseient
	preterite	bani	banis	bani	banimes	banistes	banirent
	future	banirai	baniras	banira	banirons	baniroiz, banireiz, banirez	baniront
	conditional	baniroie, banireie	baniroies, banireies	baniroit, banireit	baniriiens, baniriens	baniriiez, baniriez	baniroient, banireient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	banisse	banisses	banisse	banissons	banissez	banissent
	imperfect	banisse	banisses	banist	banissons, banissiens	banissoiz, banissez, banissiez	banissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	banis	—	banissons	banissez	—

    Conjugation of banir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

Descendants

• Middle French: banir
  • French: bannir
• → Middle English: banysshen
  • English: banish
• → Old Galician-Portuguese: banir
  • Galician: banir
  • Portuguese: banir
• → Old Spanish: banir (Siete Partidas)

References

• banir on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “bandir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 487

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese banir (att. 1371), from Old French banir, from Late Latin bannīre, from Frankish.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /baˈni(ʁ)/ [baˈni(h)], /bɐˈni(ʁ)/ [bɐˈni(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /baˈni(ʁ)/ [baˈni(h)], /bɐˈni(ʁ)/ [bɐˈni(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /baˈni(ɾ)/, /bɐˈni(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /baˈni(ʁ)/ [baˈni(χ)], /bɐˈni(ʁ)/ [bɐˈni(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /baˈni(ɻ)/, /bɐˈni(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /bɐˈniɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /bɐˈniɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /bɐˈni.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ba‧nir

Verb

banir (first-person singular present bano, first-person singular preterite bani, past participle banido)

1. to ban, proscribe
2. to banish, exile

Conjugation

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	banir
Personal	banir	banires	banir	banirmos	banirdes	banirem
Gerund
	banindo
Past participle
Masculine	banido			banidos
Feminine	banida			banidas
Indicative
Present	—	banes	bane	banimos	banis	banem
Imperfect	bania	banias	bania	baníamos	baníeis	baniam
Preterite	bani	baniste	baniu	banimos	banistes	baniram
Pluperfect	banira	baniras	banira	baníramos	baníreis	baniram
Future	banirei	banirás	banirá	baniremos	banireis	banirão
Conditional	baniria	banirias	baniria	baniríamos	baniríeis	baniriam
Subjunctive
Present	—	—	—	—	—	—
Imperfect	banisse	banisses	banisse	baníssemos	banísseis	banissem
Future	banir	banires	banir	banirmos	banirdes	banirem
Imperative
Affirmative		bane	—	—	bani	—
Negative (não)		—	—	—	—	—

    Conjugation of banir (defective) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

Further reading

• “banir”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “banir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024