tuo

See also: tuo-, tuó, tuò, tuô, tuō, tuǒ, and tu'o

Aklanon

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu, compare Old Javanese tuhu.

Adjective

tuo

1. right (right-hand)

Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu. Doublet of totoo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuˈʔo/ [tuˈʔo]
• Hyphenation: tu‧o

Adverb

tùo (Basahan spelling ᜆᜓᜂ)

1. right (direction, side)

   Antonym: wala

Derived terms

• patuo
• tuohan

Cebuano

Alternative forms

• too — obsolete

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu (“true; real”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: tu‧o
• IPA^(key): /ˈtuʔo/ [ˈt̪u.ʔo]

Verb

túo (Badlit spelling ᜆᜓᜂ)

1. to believe

   Tuhoan/tuohan ba gyud anang politiko?

   Should you believe that politician?

2. to heed

Conjugation

Affix		Root word				Trigger
mo-		tuo			actor
Aspect						Imperative
Infinitive		Past/present inchoative		Future/habitual inchoative
motuo		mituo nituo		motuo		pagtuo

Conjugation for tuo (mo- )

Affix		Root word				Trigger
mag-		tuo			actor
Aspect						Imperative
Infinitive		Past/present inchoative		Future/habitual inchoative
magtuo		nagtuo		magtuo		pagtuo

Conjugation for tuo (mag- )

Affix		Root word		Trigger
maka-		tuo		actor
Aspect
Infinitive		Past/present inchoative		Future/habitual inchoative
makatuo		nakatuo		makatuo

Conjugation for tuo (maka- )

Template:ceb-infl-makapa

Affix		Root word				Trigger
-an		tuo			object
Aspect						Imperative
Infinitive		Past/present inchoative		Future/habitual inchoative
tuohan		gituohan		tuohan		tuohi

Conjugation for tuo (-an )

Affix		Root word				Trigger
-an		tuho			object
Aspect						Imperative
Infinitive		Past/present inchoative		Future/habitual inchoative
tuhoan		gituhoan		tuhoan		tuhoi

Conjugation for tuo (-an )

Derived terms

• matuohon (“having faith in something”)
• matuotuohon (“superstitious”)
• Mituo Ako (“Apostle's Creed”)
• pagtuo (“belief”)
• patuotuo (“to deceive someone by pretense”)
• tinuhoan (“religious belief”)
• tuluhoan (“article of faith”)
• tuotuo (“superstition”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu (“right side”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: tu‧o
• IPA^(key): /tuˈʔo/ [t̪ʊˈʔo]
• IPA^(key): /ˈtuʔo/ [ˈt̪u.ʔo]

Noun

tuó or túo (Badlit spelling ᜆᜓᜂ)

1. right (direction)

   Coordinate term: wala

Derived terms

• tuohon
• tuong kamot
• walag tuo

References

• Fr. Juan Felis de la Encarnación (1851) Diccionario bisaya-español‎ (overall work in Cebuano and Spanish), Amigos del País, page 612
• John U. Wolff (1972) A dictionary of Cebuano Visayan‎ (overall work in Cebuano and English), Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *too, from Proto-Uralic *to. Cognates include Erzya тона (tona), Hungarian tova.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuo̯/, [ˈt̪uo̞̯]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uo
• Hyphenation^(key): tuo

Pronoun

tuo

1. (demonstrative) that (over there) (when the speaker points at the thing or person, either physically or mentally; compare se, see usage notes)

   Tuo on saari.

   That is an island.

   Tuo haluaa syödä jäätelöä.

   That person wants to eat ice cream.

   Tuo oli ikävästi sanottu.

   That was a nasty thing to say.

   Onko tuossa mitä juuri sanoit mitään perää?

   Does [that] what you just said make any sense?

   Eiköhän tuo jo riitä.

   That ought to be enough.

Determiner

tuo

1. that (pointed at by the speaker; compare se, see usage notes)

   Näetkö tuon talon?

   Can you see that house?

   Mistä tuo valo tulee?

   Where is that light coming from?

   Voi tuota raukkaa.

   Oh that poor thing.

   Ravintola on kadun tuolla puolen.

   The restaurant is on that side of the street.

   Saimaa, tuo Suomen järvistä suurin

   Saimaa, [that (lake which is)] the largest of all the lakes in Finland

Usage notes

• Both tuo and se can mean "that". The distinction between the two is complicated, but intrinsically understood by native speakers.
  • The main difference between the two is that tuo is used when the speaker is somehow indicating at the referent, such as when pointing at it with a finger, looking at it directly, or with other gestures. Otherwise, se is used, especially if it is the addressee who is indicating at something.
  • Another description is that tuo implies a closer mental connection to or focus at the speaker, while se implies a closer mental connection to or focus at the addressee.
  • When se is used to introduce the addressee to something new or to refer to a physical entity, it tends to be close or near to them in some way (not necessarily physically). That is to say, se tends to be used as a medial demonstrative and tuo as a distal demonstrative.
  • According to Etelämäki (2009), tuo and se are distinguished by the former expressing referential openness and the latter implying adequate knownness of the referent. In other words, se implies that all participants in the conversion are aware of the referent, while tuo does not, as the referent may still be in the process of identification during the utterance. According to the same article, tämä expresses indexical asymmetry and tuo indexical symmetry; that is to say, tämä implies that the referent is more easily accessible to the speaker than to the addressed, and tuo does not.^[1]
  • Some sources claim that se is anaphoric (referring to a previous expression), while tuo is deictic (referring to physical entities). However, se also has deictic uses, and tuo can be used anaphorically as well (but such uses are limited, generally only to provide emphasis).
  • When actively distinguishing between "this" and "that", tuo is more commonly used than se for the latter.
• The allative form tuolle is generally only used in abstract or possessive meanings. For locations, tuonne is used instead.

Declension

This word could be considered to belong to declension type 19 (suo), except that the singular and plural forms come from different sources, so the declension can be called irregular. The forms in brackets are never or very rarely used.

Declension of tuo (type 19/suo) noun case singular plural adverbial form singular plural nominative tuo nuo superessive tuolla – genitive tuon noiden noitten delative tuolta – partitive tuota noita sublative tuonne – accusative tuo, tuon nuo lative – – inessive tuossa noissa temporal tuolloin – elative tuosta noista causative – – illative tuohon noihin multiplicative – – adessive tuolla noilla distributive – – ablative tuolta noilta temp. dist. – – allative tuolle noille prolative – – essive tuona noina situative – – translative tuoksi noiksi oppositive – – abessive (tuotta) (noitta) instructive – noin comitative – noine

Alternative forms

• toi (colloquial or dialectal)

Derived terms

• toinen
• tuollainen
• tuolloin
• tuommoinen
• tuonne
• tuonnoin

(compounds):

• tuonkaltainen
• tuonkokoinen
• tuonlaatuinen
• tuonmittainen
• tuonpuoleinen
• tuontapainen
• tuonvuotinen

Descendants

• Kven: tuo

See also

	proximal	distal	neutral
singular	tämä	tuo	se
plural	nämä	nuo	ne
*) See the usage notes under tuo for the difference between se and tuo.

Finnish demonstratives

References

1. Etelämäki, Marja. The Finnish demonstrative pronouns in light of interaction. Journal of Pragmatics, Volume 41, Issue 1, January 2009, pp. 25-46.

Further reading

• “tuo”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
• Tämä, tuo vai se?. Kielikello (4/2001). An article analyzing the usage and differences between the Finnish demonstrative pronouns tämä, tuo and se. (in Finnish)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuo̯/, [ˈt̪uo̞̯] (third-person indicative)
• IPA^(key): /ˈtuo̯ˣ/, [ˈt̪uo̞̯(ʔ)] (imperative, indicative connegative)
• Rhymes: -uo
• Hyphenation^(key): tuo

Verb

tuo

1. third-person singular present indicative of tuoda

   Hän tuo minulle kynän.

   S/he brings me a pen.

2. present active indicative connegative of tuoda

   Et tuo minulle kynää.

   You don't bring me a pen.

3. second-person singular present imperative of tuoda

   Tuo minulle kynä!

   Bring me a pen!

4. second-person singular present active imperative connegative of tuoda

   Älä tuo minulle kynää!

   Don't bring me a pen!

Hiligaynon

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuqu.

Verb

tuo

1. to believe

Italian

Etymology

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Italic *towos.

In the singular, Latin tuum underwent *ʊu > *ou > *ɔu dissimilation,^[1] cf. Sardinian tou, and also Latin ōvum > Italian òvo, Spanish huevo, ultimately producing [ˈtwɔu], and a plural [ˈtwɔi]. Italian then underwent its regular *wɔV > *uV sound change,^[2] cf. *bwɔe > bue, *mjɛu > mio, producing ultimately [ˈtu.o]. This latter sound change is blocked by a following [i], which explains the plural form tuoi, cf. *mjɛi > miei.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu.o/, (unstressed) /tu.o/^[3]
• Rhymes: -uo
• Hyphenation: tù‧o, (unstressed) tu‧o

• Audio:

  (file)

Determiner

tuo (feminine tua, masculine plural tuoi, feminine plural tue)

1. your (informal)

   i tuoi figli ― your children

   le tue macchine ― your cars

   casa tua ― your house

   tuo padre ― your father

Pronoun

tuo (feminine tua, masculine plural tuoi, feminine plural tue)

1. yours

   Sono i tuoi. ― They are yours.

Usage notes

• The use or non-use of the definite article in conjunction with the determiner and possessive pronoun is the same as for mio; see the usage note there.

See also

• loro
• mio
• suo
• nostro
• vostro

References

1. Grandgent, C. H. (1907) An Introduction to Vulgar Latin‎, Boston: D.C. Heath & Co., § 167, page 72
2. Maiden, Martin (1995) A Linguistic History of Italian, New York: Routledge, § 2.4.3, page 40
3. tuo in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Anagrams

• -uto

Javanese

Adjective

tuo

1. Nonstandard spelling of tuwa.

Karelian

Regional variants of tuo

North Karelian (Viena)	tuo
South Karelian (Tver)	tuo

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *too. Cognates include Finnish tuo and Ingrian too.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuo̯/
• Hyphenation: tuo

Determiner

tuo

1. (North Karelian or dialectal) that

Pronoun

tuo

1. (North Karelian or dialectal) that

Declension

Viena Karelian declension of tuo (irregular)
	singular	plural
nominative	tuo	nuo
genitive	tuon	noijen
partitive	tuota	noita
illative	tuoh	noih
inessive	tuošša	noissa
elative	tuošta	noista
adessive	tuolla	noilla
ablative	tuolta	noilta
translative	tuokši	noiksi
essive	tuona	noina
comitative	—	noineh
abessive	tuotta	noitta

See also

Karelian demonstratives
	proximate	medial	distal
singular	tämä	še	tuo
plural	nämä	ne	nuo
In South Karelian, the medial determiners are used instead of the distal series. Dialectally, the determiners are used as in North Karelian, distinguishing all three series.

References

• P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “tuo”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN
• Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “tuo”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎, Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN

Kven

Etymology

From Finnish tuo, from Proto-Finnic *too, from Proto-Uralic *to.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuo̯/

Determiner

tuo

1. that

Pronoun

tuo

1. that

Declension

Declension of tuo singular plural nominative tuo nuot genitive tuon nuoitten, nuoinen, nuitten partitive tuota nuoita, nuita illative tuohon nuoihin, nuihin inessive tuossa nuoissa, nuissa elative tuosta nuoista, nuista allative tuole, tuolet nuoile, nuoilet, nuile, nuilet adessive tuola nuoila, nuila ablative tuolta nuoilta, nuilta translative tuona nuoina, nuina essive tuoksi nuoiksi, nuiksi

See also

	proximal	neutral	distal
singular	tämä	se	tuo
plural	nämät	net	nuot

Kven demonstratives

References

• Eira Söderholm (2017) Kvensk grammatikk, Tromsø: Cappelen Damm Akademisk, →ISBN, page 278

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.oː/, [ˈt̪uoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.o/, [ˈt̪uːo]

Pronoun

tuō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of tuus

References

• tuo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Mandarin

Romanization

tuo

1. Nonstandard spelling of tuō.
2. Nonstandard spelling of tuó.
3. Nonstandard spelling of tuǒ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of tuò.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

Numeral

tuo

1. Alternative form of two

Sardinian

Alternative forms

• tuu
• tou

Etymology

From Latin tuus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtuo/

Pronoun

tuo (plural tuos, feminine tua, feminine plural tuas)

1. your, yours

Related terms

• meu
• suu/sou/suo
• nostru
• bostru/vostru
• issoro

Teanu

Etymology

From ti- + Proto-Oceanic *onom, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ənəm, from Proto-Austronesian *ənəm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuo/

Numeral

tuo

1. three

References

• François, Alexandre. 2021. Teanu dictionary (Solomon Islands). Dictionaria 15. 1-1877. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5653063. – entry tuo.
• François, Alexandre. 2021. Online Teanu–English dictionary, with equivalents in Lovono and Tanema. Electronic files. Paris: CNRS. – entry tuo.

Ternate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtu.o]

Verb

tuo

1. (transitive) to pull out, to pull outside, to drag out

Conjugation

Conjugation of tuo
	Singular	Plural
	Inclusive	Exclusive
1st	totuo	fotuo	mituo
2nd	notuo	nituo
3rd	Masculine	otuo	ituo, yotuo†
Feminine	motuo
Neuter	ituo
† - archaic

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh