숨쉬다

Korean

Etymology

숨 (sum, “breath”) +‎ 쉬다 (swida, “to breathe”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰu(ː)mʃʰɥida̠] ~ [ˈsʰu(ː)mʃʰyda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [숨(ː)쉬다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	sumswida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	sumswida
McCune–Reischauer?	sumshwida
Yale Romanization?	swūmswita

Verb

숨쉬다 • (sumswida) (infinitive 숨쉬어, sequential 숨쉬니)

1. to breathe

   Synonym: 호흡(呼吸)하다 (hoheuphada)

Conjugation

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨쉰다 sumswinda	숨쉬어 sumswieo	숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo	숨쉽니다 sumswimnida
	Past	숨쉬었다 sumswieotda	숨쉬었어 sumswieosseo	숨쉬었어요 sumswieosseoyo	숨쉬었습니다 sumswieotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨쉬느냐 sumswineunya	숨쉬어 sumswieo	숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo	숨쉽니까 sumswimnikka
	Past	숨쉬었느냐 sumswieonneunya	숨쉬었어 sumswieosseo	숨쉬었어요 sumswieosseoyo	숨쉬었습니까 sumswieotseumnikka
Hortative		숨쉬자 sumswija	숨쉬어 sumswieo	숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo	숨쉬십시다 sumswisipsida
Imperative		숨쉬어라 sumswieora	숨쉬어 sumswieo	숨쉬어요 sumswieoyo	숨쉽시오 sumswipsio
Assertive		숨쉬겠다 sumswigetda	숨쉬겠어 sumswigesseo	숨쉬겠어요 sumswigesseoyo	숨쉬겠습니다 sumswigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		숨쉬어 sumswieo	숨쉬어서 sumswieoseo	숨쉬니 sumswini	숨쉬니까 sumswinikka
Contrast		숨쉬지만 sumswijiman	숨쉬는데 sumswineunde	숨쉬더니 sumswideoni
Conjunction		숨쉬고 sumswigo
Condition		숨쉬면 sumswimyeon	숨쉬어야 sumswieoya
Motive		숨쉬려고 sumswiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		숨쉼 sumswim	숨쉬기 sumswigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨쉬었음 sumswieosseum	숨쉬었기 sumswieotgi
Determiners	Past	숨쉰 sumswin
	Present	숨쉬는 sumswineun
	Future	숨쉴 sumswil

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	숨쉬신다 sumswisinda	숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo	숨쉬세요, 숨쉬셔요 sumswiseyo, sumswisyeoyo	숨쉬십니다 sumswisimnida
	Past	숨쉬셨다 sumswisyeotda	숨쉬셨어 sumswisyeosseo	숨쉬셨어요 sumswisyeosseoyo	숨쉬셨습니다 sumswisyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	숨쉬시느냐 sumswisineunya	숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo	숨쉬세요, 숨쉬셔요 sumswiseyo, sumswisyeoyo	숨쉬십니까 sumswisimnikka
	Past	숨쉬셨느냐 sumswisyeonneunya	숨쉬셨어 sumswisyeosseo	숨쉬셨어요 sumswisyeosseoyo	숨쉬셨습니까 sumswisyeotseumnikka
Imperative		숨쉬시라 sumswisira	숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo	숨쉬세요 sumswiseyo	숨쉬십시오 sumswisipsio
Assertive		숨쉬시겠다 sumswisigetda	숨쉬시겠어 sumswisigesseo	숨쉬시겠어요 sumswisigesseoyo	숨쉬시겠습니다 sumswisigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		숨쉬셔 sumswisyeo	숨쉬셔서 sumswisyeoseo	숨쉬시니 sumswisini	숨쉬시니까 sumswisinikka
Contrast		숨쉬시지만 sumswisijiman	숨쉬시는데 sumswisineunde	숨쉬시더니 sumswisideoni
Conjunction		숨쉬시고 sumswisigo
Condition		숨쉬시면 sumswisimyeon	숨쉬셔야 sumswisyeoya
Motive		숨쉬시려고 sumswisiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		숨쉬심 sumswisim	숨쉬시기 sumswisigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		숨쉬셨음 sumswisyeosseum	숨쉬셨기 sumswisyeotgi
Determiners	Past	숨쉬신 sumswisin
	Present	숨쉬시는 sumswisineun
	Future	숨쉬실 sumswisil

    Selected forms of the verb 숨쉬다 (sumswida): vowel-stem, regular