薟

See also: 莶

薟 U+859F, 薟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-859F ← 薞 [U+859E] CJK Unified Ideographs 薠 → [U+85A0]

Translingual

Han character

薟 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿人一人 (TOMO), four-corner 4488₆, composition ⿱艹僉)

1. vine

Derived characters

• 𣠇, 𤒷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1061, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32131
• Dae Jaweon: page 1525, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3303, character 15
• Unihan data for U+859F

Chinese

Wikipedia has articles on:

• Hiam (Southern Min)
• 薟 (Written Standard Chinese^?)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 薟
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

	Old Chinese
厱	*raːm, *kʰreːm, *kʰlam
歛	*qʰlaːm
臉	*ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ
醶	*ɡr·reːmʔ, *skʰraːmʔ
鹼	*kreːmʔ, *skʰlam
薟	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram
匳	*ɡ·ram
獫	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams, *qʰramʔ
蘞	*ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰlam
籢	*ɡ·ram
斂	*ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
瀲	*ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams
撿	*ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ
羷	*ɡ·ramʔ
殮	*ɡ·rams
簽	*skʰlam
僉	*skʰlam
憸	*skʰlam, *skʰlamʔ, *sqʰlam, *qʰramʔ
譣	*skʰlam, *qʰramʔ
檢	*kramʔ
瞼	*kramʔ
儉	*ɡramʔ
顩	*ŋramʔ, *rlɯmʔ, *kʰrɯmʔ
嬐	*ŋramʔ
嶮	*ŋramʔ, *hŋramʔ
噞	*ŋramʔ, *ŋrams
驗	*ŋrams
險	*qʰramʔ
劒	*kams
劍	*kams
𩏩	*qʰam

Characters in the same phonetic series (僉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 僉 (OC *skʰlam)

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 薟 – see 蘞. (This character is a variant form of 蘞).

Etymology 2

trad.		薟
simp.		莶
alternative forms		馦

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiān, liàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ, ㄌㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): him¹ / cim¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiam

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiam¹ / hiang¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sian
    • Wade–Giles: hsien¹
    • Yale: syān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shian
    • Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: liàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: liàn
    • Wade–Giles: lien⁴
    • Yale: lyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liann
    • Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: him¹ / cim¹
    • Yale: hīm / chīm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: him¹ / tsim¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: him¹ / qim¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiːm⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰiːm⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiam
    • Tâi-lô: hiam
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiafm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiam³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiam⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiam¹ / hiang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiam / hiang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiam³³/, /hiaŋ³³/

Note:

• hiam1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping, Pontianak;
• hiang1 - Chenghai.

Definitions

薟

1. (Taiwanese, Malaysian and Singapore Hokkien; Teochew; Zhao'an Hakka) spicy
2. (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) pungent

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		辛
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		辣, 辛辣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	辣
	Taiwan	辣
	Chifeng	辣
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	辣
	Harbin	辣
	Shenyang	辣
	Malaysia	辣
	Singapore	辣
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	辣
	Tangshan	辣
	Cangzhou	辣
	Baoding	辣
	Shijiazhuang	辣
	Jinan	辣
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	辣
	Qingdao	辣
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	麻
	Zhengzhou	辣
	Xi'an	辣
	Xining	辣
	Xuzhou	辣
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	辣
	Lanzhou	辣
	Ürümqi	辣
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	辣
	Chongqing	辣
	Wuhan	辣
	Guiyang	辣
	Kunming	辣
	Guilin	辣
	Liuzhou	辣
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	辣
	Yangzhou	辣
	Nantong	辣
	Hefei	辣
Cantonese	Guangzhou	辣
	Hong Kong	辣
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	辣
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	辣
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	辣
	Taishan	辣
	Dongguan	辣
	Yangjiang	辣
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	辣
	Singapore (Guangfu)	辣
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	辣
Gan	Nanchang	辣
	Lichuan	辣
	Pingxiang	辣
Hakka	Meixian	辣
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	辣
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	辣
	Wengyuan	辣
	Liannan	辣
	Jiexi	辣
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	辣
	Changting	辣
	Wuping (Yanqian)	辣
	Ninghua	辣
	Yudu	辣
	Ningdu	辣
	Tonggu (Sandu)	辣
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	辣
	Dayu	辣
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	辣
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	辣
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	辣
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	辣
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	辣
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	薟
	Hong Kong	辣
	Mengshan (Xihe)	辣
	Luchuan	辣
	Senai (Huiyang)	辣
Huizhou	Jixi	辣
	Shexian	辣
Jin	Taiyuan	辣
	Xinzhou	辣
	Linhe	辣
	Jining	辣
	Hohhot	辣
	Zhangjiakou	辣
	Handan	辣
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	辣
Southern Min	Xiamen	辣
	Quanzhou	辣
	Zhangzhou	辣
	Zhao'an	薟
	Dongshan	薟
	Taipei	薟
	Taipei (Wanhua)	薟
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	薟
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	薟
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	薟
	Kaohsiung	薟
	Yilan	薟
	Changhua (Lukang)	薟
	Taichung	薟
	Taichung (Wuqi)	薟
	Tainan	辣, 薟
	Taitung	薟
	Hsinchu	薟
	Kinmen	辣
	Penghu (Magong)	辣
	Penang (Hokkien)	薟, 辣
	Singapore (Hokkien)	薟, 辣
	Manila (Hokkien)	風, 辣
	Chaozhou	薟
	Shantou	薟
	Shantou (Chenghai)	薟
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	薟
	Jieyang	薟
	Haifeng	薟
	Bangkok (Teochew)	薟
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	薟
	Singapore (Teochew)	薟
	Pontianak (Teochew)	薟
	Wenchang	辣
	Haikou	辣
	Qionghai	辣
	Singapore (Hainanese)	辣
Puxian Min	Putian	辣
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	辣
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	辣
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	辣
	Xianyou	辣
	Xianyou (Fengting)	辣
	Xianyou (Youyang)	辣
Central Min	Yong'an	辣
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	辣
Shehua	Fu'an	辣
	Fuding	辣
	Luoyuan	辣
	Sanming	辣
	Shunchang	辣
	Hua'an	辣
	Guixi (Zhangping)	辣
	Cangnan	辣
	Jingning (Hexi)	辣
	Lishui	辣
	Longyou	辣
	Chaozhou	辣
	Fengshun	辣
Wu	Shanghai	辣
	Shanghai (Chongming)	辣
	Suzhou	辣
	Danyang	辣
	Hangzhou	辣
	Ningbo	辣
	Wenzhou	辣
	Jinhua	辣
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	辣農
Xiang	Changsha	辣
	Loudi	辣

Dialectal synonyms of 辣 (“spicy”) [map]

Compounds

• 臭尿薟 / 臭尿莶
• 臭薟薟 / 臭莶莶
• 薟椒 / 莶椒
• 薟椒仔 / 莶椒仔
• 薟薑仔 / 莶姜仔
• 豨薟 / 豨莶 (xīxiān)

Descendants

• → English: hiam

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C11965
• “薟”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
• “薟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

薟

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): れん (ren)、けん (ken)、こん (kon)、げん (gen)、ごん (gon)
• Kun: やぶからし (yabukarashi)