確信

See also: 确信

Chinese

		authenticated; solid; firm authenticated; solid; firm; real; true	letter; true; to believe letter; true; to believe; sign; evidence
trad. (確信)		確	信
simp. (确信)		确	信

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): quèxìn

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄒㄧㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kok³ seon³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khok-sin
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khak-sìn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: quèxìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄒㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyuèsìn
    • Wade–Giles: chʻüeh⁴-hsin⁴
    • Yale: chywè-syìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuehshinn
    • Palladius: цюэсинь (cjuesinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕin⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kok³ seon³
    • Yale: kok seun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kok⁸ soen³
    • Guangdong Romanization: kog³ sên³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɔːk̚³ sɵn³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khok-sin
    • Hakka Romanization System: kog^ˋ xin
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kog⁵ xin⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰok̚² sin⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khak-sìn
    • Tâi-lô: khak-sìn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qaksixn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁴ sin²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰak̚⁵⁻²⁴ sin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁵ sin²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁴ sin¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰak̚³²⁻⁴ sin²¹/

Verb

確信

1. to firmly believe; to be certain

Synonyms

• 堅信／坚信 (jiānxìn)

Noun

確信

1. definite news; reliable information

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (確信):

• → Japanese: 確信(かくしん) (kakushin)
• → Korean: 확신(確信) (hwaksin)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
確	信
かく Grade: 5	しん Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ka̠kɯ̟ɕĩɴ]

Noun

確(かく)信(しん) • (kakushin) 

1. conviction, confidence in

Verb

確(かく)信(しん)する • (kakushin suru) suru (stem 確(かく)信(しん)し (kakushin shi), past 確(かく)信(しん)した (kakushin shita))

1. to be convinced that

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	確信し	かくしんし	kakushin shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	確信し	かくしんし	kakushin shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	確信する	かくしんする	kakushin suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	確信する	かくしんする	kakushin suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	確信すれ	かくしんすれ	kakushin sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	確信せよ¹ 確信しろ²	かくしんせよ¹ かくしんしろ²	kakushin seyo¹ kakushin shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	確信される	かくしんされる	kakushin sareru
Causative	確信させる 確信さす	かくしんさせる かくしんさす	kakushin saseru kakushin sasu
Potential	確信できる	かくしんできる	kakushin dekiru
Volitional	確信しよう	かくしんしよう	kakushin shiyō
Negative	確信しない	かくしんしない	kakushin shinai
Negative continuative	確信せず	かくしんせず	kakushin sezu
Formal	確信します	かくしんします	kakushin shimasu
Perfective	確信した	かくしんした	kakushin shita
Conjunctive	確信して	かくしんして	kakushin shite
Hypothetical conditional	確信すれば	かくしんすれば	kakushin sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "確信する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
確	信

Noun

確信 • (hwaksin) (hangeul 확신)

1. hanja form^? of 확신 (“conviction, confidence”)