百靈

Chinese

		hundred	alert; departed soul; efficacious alert; departed soul; efficacious; quick; effective; intelligence
trad. (百靈)		百	靈
simp. (百灵)		百	灵

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	百	靈
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	IV
Fanqie	博陌切	郎丁切
Baxter	paek	leng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠæk̚/	/leŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚak̚/	/leŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/pak̚/	/lɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨjk̚/	/lɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/pɐk̚/	/leŋ/
Wang Li	/pɐk̚/	/lieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pɐk̚/	/lieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo	líng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bak1	ling4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	百	靈
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǎi	líng
Middle Chinese	‹ pæk ›	‹ leng ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁrak/	/*[r]ˁeŋ/
English	hundred	supernatural
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	百	靈
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	194	8259
Phonetic component	白	霝
Rime group	鐸	耕
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	伯	靈
Old Chinese	/*praːɡ/	/*reːŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎilíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): baak³ ling⁴
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): beh⁶ leng²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎilíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎilíng
    • Wade–Giles: pai³-ling²
    • Yale: bǎi-líng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baeling
    • Palladius: байлин (bajlin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baak³ ling⁴
    • Yale: baak lìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁸ ling⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: bag³ ling⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːk̚³ lɪŋ²¹/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: beh⁶ leng² [Phonetic: beh⁷ leng²]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: beh-léng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛʔ¹⁻⁴⁵ lɛŋ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: beh⁶ leng² [Phonetic: beh⁷ leng²]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛʔ²⁻²⁴ lɛŋ¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: paek leng

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤrak  [r]ˤeŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*praːɡ  reːŋ/

Noun

百靈

1. (～科) lark (Alaudidae)
2. (～屬) Melanocorypha
3. (literary) all kinds of deities; hundreds of spirits

Synonyms

• (lark): 百靈鳥／百灵鸟 (bǎilíngniǎo)

Derived terms

• 二斑百靈 / 二斑百灵
• 歌百靈 / 歌百灵
• 沙百靈 / 沙百灵
• 百靈鳥 / 百灵鸟 (bǎilíngniǎo)
• 草原百靈 / 草原百灵
• 蒙古百靈 / 蒙古百灵
• 角百靈 / 角百灵
• 黑百靈 / 黑百灵

Descendants

• → Dongxiang: bailin