百足

Chinese

		hundred	foot; to be sufficient
simp. and trad. (百足)		百	足
alternative forms		百縮／百缩 dialectal Cantonese 百宿 dialectal Cantonese 百叔 dialectal Cantonese

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bǎizú

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˇ ㄗㄨˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): baak³ zuk¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): bak⁵ lhuuk²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǎizú
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ ㄗㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǎizú
    • Wade–Giles: pai³-tsu²
    • Yale: bǎi-dzú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baetzwu
    • Palladius: байцзу (bajczu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baak³ zuk¹
    • Yale: baak jūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁸ dzuk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: bag³ zug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːk̚³ t͡sʊk̚⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: bak⁵ lhuuk²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pak̚³² ɬɵk̚⁵⁵/

Noun

百足

1. (literary or Cantonese, Pinghua, dialectal Hakka) centipede (Classifier: 條／条 c)
2. (literary) millipede; diplopod

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		蜈蚣, 百足, 螂蛆
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蜈蚣
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	蜈蚣
	Taiwan	蜈蚣
	Chengde	蜈蚣
	Chifeng	蜈蚣
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	蜈蚣
	Heihe	蜈蚣
	Qiqihar	蜈蚣
	Harbin	蜈蚣
	Jiamusi	蜈蚣
	Baicheng	蜈蚣
	Changchun	蜈蚣
	Tonghua	蜈蚣
	Shenyang	蜈蚣
	Jinzhou	蜈蚣
	Singapore	蜈蚣
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	蜈蚣
	Tangshan	蜈蚣
	Cangzhou	蜈蚣
	Baoding	蜈蚣
	Shijiazhuang	蜈蚣
	Lijin	蜈蚣
	Jinan	蜈蚣
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	蜈蚣
	Dandong	蜈蚣
	Yantai	蜈蚣
	Yantai (Muping)	蜈蚣
	Qingdao	蜈蚣
	Zhucheng	蜈蚣
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	蜈蚣
	Lingbao	蜈蚣
	Jining	蜈蚣
	Wanrong	千把子
	Linfen	蜈蚣
	Shangqiu	蜈蚣
	Yuanyang	蜈蚣
	Zhengzhou	蜈蚣
	Xinyang	蜈蚣
	Baihe	蜈蚣
	Xi'an	蜈蚣
	Baoji	蜈蚣
	Tianshui	蜈蚣
	Xining	蜈蚣
	Xuzhou	蜈蚣
	Fuyang	蜈蚣
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	蜈蚣, 毛扎扎
	Lanzhou	蜈蚣
	Dunhuang	蜈蚣
	Hami	蜈蚣
	Ürümqi	蜈蚣
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲, 雷蚣蟲
	Nanchong	蜈蚣
	Dazhou	雷蚣蟲
	Hanyuan	龍蚣蟲
	Xichang	蜈蚣
	Zigong	雷蚣蟲
	Chongqing	蜈蚣蟲, 雷蚣蟲
	Wuhan	蜈蚣, 多腳蟲
	Yichang	蜈蚣
	Xiangyang	蜈蚣
	Tianmen	蜈蚣
	Guiyang	蜈蚣蟲
	Zunyi	雷蚣蟲
	Bijie	雷蚣蟲
	Liping	蜈蚣
	Zhaotong	蜈蚣
	Dali	蜈蚣
	Kunming	蜈蚣
	Mengzi	蜈蚣
	Guilin	蜈蚣
	Liuzhou	蜈蚣
	Jishou	蜈蚣
	Changde	蜈蚣
	Hanzhong	蜈蚣
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	蜈蚣
	Yangzhou	百腳
	Lianyungang	蜈蚣
	Nantong	百腳
	Anqing	蜈蚣
	Wuhu	蜈蚣
	Hefei	蜈蚣
	Hong'an	蜈蚣, 雷骨蟲
Cantonese	Guangzhou	百足, 雞蟲
	Hong Kong	百足, 蜈蚣
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	百足
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	百足
	Macau	百足
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	百足
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	百足
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	百足
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	百足
	Foshan	百足
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	百足
	Foshan (Shunde)	百足
	Foshan (Sanshui)	百足
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	百足
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	百足
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	百足
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	百足
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	百足
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	百足
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	百足
	Taishan	百足
	Kaiping (Chikan)	百足
	Enping (Niujiang)	百足
	Heshan (Yayao)	百足
	Dongguan	炮足
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	百足
	Qingyuan	百足
	Fogang	蜈蚣
	Yingde (Hanguang)	百足
	Yangshan	蜈蚣蟲
	Lianshan (Butian)	蜈蚣
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	蜈蚣蟲
	Shaoguan	百足
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	百足
	Renhua	百腳蛇
	Lechang	百足, 蜈蚣蟲
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	百足
	Sihui	百足
	Guangning	百足
	Deqing	百足
	Huaiji	百足, 蜈蚣蟲
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	蜈蚣
	Yunfu	百足
	Xinxing	百足
	Luoding	百足
	Yangjiang	百足
	Xinyi	百足
	Lianjiang	百足
	Nanning	百足
	Wuzhou	百足
	Yulin	八足
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	百足, 百蟲
	Hepu (Shatian)	百足
	Guiping	百足
	Guiping (Mule)	百足
	Pingnan	百足
	Guigang (Gangcheng)	百足
	Guigang (Pingdong)	百足
	Beihai	百足
	Beihai (Nankang)	百足
	Beihai (Yingpan)	百足
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	百足
Gan	Nanchang	蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲
	Lichuan	籠蚣
	Pingxiang	蜈蚣查
Hakka	Meixian	蜈蚣蟲
	Xingning	蜈蚣蟲
	Dabu (Xihe)	蜈蚣蟲
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	壁𧐴
	Huidong (Daling)	蜈蚣蜞
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	蜈蚣蟲
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	蜈蚣蟲
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	百足, 蜈蚣蟲
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	蜈蚣蟲
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	蜈蚣蟲
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	蜈蚣
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	蜈蚣蟲
	Wuhua (Changbu)	蜈蚣蟲
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	蜈蚣蟲
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	壁𧐴
	Wengyuan	𧓅蚣蟲
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	蜈蚣蟲
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	蜈蚣
	Liannan	蜈蚣
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	蜈蚣
	Jiexi	蜈蚣蟲
	Luhe	蜈蚣蟲
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	蜈蚣蟲
	Changting	蜈蚣蟲
	Longyan (Yongding)	蜈蚣蟲
	Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)	蜈蚣
	Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding)	蜈蚣蟲
	Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)	蜈蚣蟲
	Wuping	蜈蚣農
	Wuping (Zhongshan)	蜈蚣蟲
	Wuping (Yanqian)	蜈蚣蟲
	Wuping (Pingyu)	蜈蚣蟲
	Liancheng	蜈蚣蟲
	Liancheng (Peitian)	蜈蚣蟲
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	蜈蚣蟲
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	蜈蚣
	Ninghua	𧓅蚣蛇
	Yudu	蜈蚣蟲
	Ningdu	蜈蚣蟲
	Ruijin	蜈蚣蟲
	Shicheng	蜈蚣蟲
	Shangyou (Shexi)	蜈蚣蟲
	Tonggu (Sandu)	蜈蚣蟲
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	蜈蚣蟲
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	蜈蚣蟲
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	蜈蚣蟲
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	蜈蚣蟲
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	蜈蚣蟲, 𧿞蟲
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	蜈蚣蟲
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲
	Hong Kong	百足, 蜈蚣蟲
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	百足
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	百足
	Xinyi (Sihe)	蜈蚣
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	百足
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	百足
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	百足
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	百足
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	黃公蟲
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	蜈蚣蟲
	Mengshan (Xihe)	蜈蚣蟲
	Luchuan	蜈蚣蟲
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	蜈蚣蟲
	Chengdu (Hexingchang)	蜈蚣蟲
Weiyuan (Guanyingtan)	蜈蚣蟲
Yilong (Ma'an)	蜈蚣
Xichang (Huanglianguan)	蜈蚣蟲
Sabah (Longchuan)	蜈蚣蟲
Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	蜈蚣
Senai (Huiyang)	蜈蚣蟲
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	蜈蚣蟲
Singkawang	蜈蚣蟲
Huizhou	Jixi	蜈蚣
	Shexian	牛蚣
Jin	Taiyuan	蜈蚣, 錢串子
	Yangyuan	蜈蚣
	Datong	蜈蚣
	Xinzhou	蜈蚣
	Lüliang (Lishi)	蜈蚣
	Changzhi	蜈蚣
	Linhe	蜈蚣
	Jining	蜈蚣
	Hohhot	蜈蚣
	Erenhot	蜈蚣
	Pingshan	蜈蚣
	Zhangjiakou	蜈蚣
	Handan	蜈蚣
	Linzhou	蜈蚣
	Suide	蜈蚣
Northern Min	Jian'ou	蛇蚣
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	紅蚣
	Fuqing	蜈蚣
Southern Min	Xiamen	蜈蚣
	Quanzhou	蜈蚣
	Zhangzhou	蜈蚣
	Taipei	蜈蚣
	Kaohsiung	蜈蚣
	Yilan	蜈蚣
	Changhua (Lukang)	蜈蚣
	Taichung	蜈蚣
	Taichung (Wuqi)	蜈蚣
	Tainan	蜈蚣
	Taitung	蜈蚣
	Hsinchu	蜈蚣
	Penghu (Magong)	蜈蚣
	Penang (Hokkien)	蜈蚣
	Singapore (Hokkien)	蜈蚣
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	蜈蚣
	Chaozhou	蜈蚣
	Shantou	蜈蚣
	Jieyang	蜈蚣
	Haifeng	蜈蚣
	Bangkok (Teochew)	蜈蚣
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	蜈蚣
	Singapore (Teochew)	蜈蚣
	Pontianak (Teochew)	蜈蚣
	Leizhou	蜈蚣
	Haikou	蜈蚣
Puxian Min	Putian	蜈蚣
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	蜈蚣
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	蜈蚣
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	蜈蚣
	Xianyou	蜈蚣
	Xianyou (Fengting)	蜈蚣
	Xianyou (Youyang)	蜈蚣
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	百足
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	蜈蚣
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	百足
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	蜈蚣蛇
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	蜈蚣
Wu	Shanghai	百腳, 蜈蚣
	Shanghai (Chongming)	紅蚣
	Suzhou	百腳
	Danyang	百腳
	Hangzhou	蜈蚣
	Ningbo	蜈蚣, 百腳
	Wenzhou	蜈蚣
	Jinhua	芒蚣
Xiang	Changsha	蜈蚣, 蜈蚣蟲
	Loudi	蜈蚣蟲
	Shuangfeng	蜈蚣蟲
	Quanzhou	蜈蚣叉, 蜈蚣
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	黃甘蠶
Yuebei Tuhua	Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang)	鉗公蟲
	Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang)	蜈蚣蟲
	Renhua (Zhoutian)	八腳蛇
	Renhua (Shitang)	雷公蛇
	Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou)	鉗蜈蟲
	Lechang (Changlai)	雷公蛇
	Lechang (Beixiang)	蜈蚣蟲
	Lechang (Huangpu)	雷公蛇
	Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi)	雷公蛇
	Lechang (Sanxi)	蜈蚣蛇

Dialectal synonyms of 蜈蚣 (“centipede”) [map]

• (millipede):

edit

• 千腳蟲／千脚虫 (qiānjiǎochóng)
• 千足蟲／千足虫 (qiānzúchóng)
• 商蚷
• 火車蟲／火车虫 (Hokkien)
• 瓦蟲／瓦虫 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 秤桿蟲／秤杆虫 (chènggǎnchóng)
• 蜈蚣舅 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
• 香油蟲／香油虫
• 馬蚿／马蚿
• 馬蚰／马蚰
• 馬蠲／马蠲
• 馬陸／马陆 (mǎlù)
• 龍眼蟲／龙眼虫 (Taiwanese Hokkien)

 

Derived terms

Sino-Xenic (百足):

• → Japanese: 百(ひゃく)足(そく) (hyakusoku)

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

ムカデ

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Centipede

Wikipedia

百足 (mukade, hyakusoku): a centipede.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
百	足
むかで
Grade: 1	Grade: 1
jukujikun

Alternative spellings
蜈蚣 蜈蜙 蝍蛆

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mukantai, of unknown derivation; some theories include:

1. a compound of 向かい (mukai, “facing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 向かう (mukau, “to face”)) +‎ 手 (te, “hand”), as the centipede's feet come in facing pairs
2. a compound of 六 (mu, “six”) +‎ 十 (ka, “ten”, unusual reading; compare the ga in 五十嵐 (igarashi)) +‎ 手 (te, “hand”), literally "sixty hands"; centipedes have more or less than one hundred legs
3. starting as a compound of 百 (momo, “hundred”) +‎ が (ga, ancient possessive particle) +‎ 手 (te, “hand”), shifting phonetically: /momo ɡa te/ → /mukade/

While the latter two theories seem plausible semantically, the devoicing of ga to ka is quite unusual.

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 百足 (bǎizú).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) むかで [mùkádé] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2][3]
• IPA^(key): [mɯ̟ka̠de̞]

Noun

百足(むかで) or 百足(ムカデ) • (mukade)  (standard)
(alternative reading hiragana むかぜ, rōmaji mukaze) (Kagoshima dialect)

1. a centipede

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ムカデ.

Derived terms

• 石百足(いしむかで) (ishi-mukade)
• 鳶頭百足(トビズムカデ) (tobizu-mukade)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
百	足
ひゃく Grade: 1	そく Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 百足 (MC paek tsjowk).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひゃくそく [hyàkúsókú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ça̠kɯ̟so̞kɯ̟]

Noun

百(ひゃく)足(そく) • (hyakusoku) 

1. (rare) a centipede

Usage notes

The mukade reading is much more common.

See also

• 馬陸(やすで) (yasude, “a millipede”)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

• Etymology at Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)
• Etymology at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)

Miyako

Kanji in this term
百	足
Grade: 1	Grade: 1

Alternative spelling
蜈蚣

Noun

百足(んかじ) (nkaji) 

1. a centipede

Okinoerabu

Kanji in this term
百	足
Grade: 1	Grade: 1

Alternative spelling
蜈蚣

Noun

百足(むかじ) (mukaji) 

1. a centipede

Tokunoshima

Kanji in this term
百	足
Grade: 1	Grade: 1

Alternative spelling
蜈蚣

Noun

百足(ぬかで) (nukade) 

1. a centipede