Kanji
様
(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 樣)
- certain form or way
- condition, state
- design, pattern
- indicates humbleness or politeness
Readings
As variant kanji of 橡:
Usage notes
When written in 草体 (sōtai, “highly-cursive”) style, this kanji form is called 平様 (hira-zama, literally “common form”) to distinguish from the kyūjitai form 永様 (ei-sama, literally “永-form”), and its variant forms 次様 (tsugi-zama, for 檨, literally “次-form”) and 美様 (bi-zama, for 𣖙, literally “美-form”).
Etymology 1
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Alternative spelling |
樣 (kyūjitai) |
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/jɨau/ → /jɔː/ → /joː/
From Middle Chinese 樣 (MC yangH).
Adjective
様 • (yō) ←やう (yau)?-na (adnominal 様な (yō na), adverbial 様に (yō ni))
- be like, look like, seem like, as if, having the likeness of
- まるで夢を見ている様だ。
- Maru de yume o mite iru yō da.
- It felt as if I were dreaming.
- あの野郎の筋肉はアーノルド・シュワルツェネッガーのようね
- Ano yarō no kinniku wa Ānorudo Shuwarutseneggā no yō ne
- That dude's muscles are like Arnold Schwarzenegger
- 火のついた蝶のようにひとときだけ輝き
- Hi no tsuita chō no yō ni hitotoki dake kagayaki
- Briefly radiate like a butterfly attracted to fire
- (as 様に (yō ni)) I hope; I pray; may
- 成功しますように。
- Seikō shimasu yō ni.
- I wish [myself/you] success.
Usage notes
- In contemporary Japanese, this term is often written in hiragana.
- Traditional Japanese grammar analyzes this term as a 助動詞 (jodōshi, “auxiliary verb”), ようだ (yō da), from the noun 様 (yō) and the auxiliary verb だ.
Inflection
More information Stem forms, Imperfective (未然形) ...
Stem forms |
Imperfective (未然形) |
様だろ |
ようだろ |
yō daro |
Continuative (連用形) |
様で |
ようで |
yō de |
Terminal (終止形) |
様だ |
ようだ |
yō da |
Attributive (連体形) |
様な |
ような |
yō na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) |
様なら |
ようなら |
yō nara |
Imperative (命令形) |
様であれ |
ようであれ |
yō de are |
Key constructions |
Informal negative |
様ではない 様じゃない |
ようではない ようじゃない |
yō de wa nai yō ja nai |
Informal past |
様だった |
ようだった |
yō datta |
Informal negative past |
様ではなかった 様じゃなかった |
ようではなかった ようじゃなかった |
yō de wa nakatta yō ja nakatta |
Formal |
様です |
ようです |
yō desu |
Formal negative |
様ではありません 様じゃありません |
ようではありません ようじゃありません |
yō de wa arimasen yō ja arimasen |
Formal past |
様でした |
ようでした |
yō deshita |
Formal negative past |
様ではありませんでした 様じゃありませんでした |
ようではありませんでした ようじゃありませんでした |
yō de wa arimasen deshita yō ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive |
様で |
ようで |
yō de |
Conditional |
様なら(ば) |
ようなら(ば) |
yō nara (ba) |
Provisional |
様だったら |
ようだったら |
yō dattara |
Volitional |
様だろう |
ようだろう |
yō darō |
Adverbial |
様に |
ように |
yō ni |
Degree |
様さ |
ようさ |
yōsa |
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Etymology 2
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樣 (kyūjitai) |
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For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see the following entry. |
【さま】 |
- [noun] a person's appearance (as of body, or style, or face, etc.)
- [noun] the state or situation of a thing
- [noun] the general trend, tenor, or feel of a thing
- [noun] one's social station, status, or quality
- [noun] the way or means of doing something, how one does something
- [noun] the reason or circumstances for something
- [pronoun] (archaic, honorific) second-person pronoun: you, you all
- [pronoun] (archaic, honorific) third-person distal pronoun: he, she, they (distant from both speaker and listener)
- [suffix] (honorific) polite personal suffix: honorable, Mr., Ms.
- [suffix] (honorific) attaching to nouns or other nominals: a politeness marker that often has no direct translation, replacing copula です (desu)
- [suffix] attaching to specific nouns or other nominals: that way, that direction
- [suffix] (archaic) attaching to verbs: just as (indicating the specific time when the verb is happening)
- [suffix] attaching to verbs: the way of doing something, how one does something (often undergoes rendaku, changing -sama to -zama)
Alternative spellings方, 状
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(This term, 様, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
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Alternative spelling |
樣 (kyūjitai) |
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For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see the following entry. |
|
(This term, 様, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4
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Alternative spelling |
樣 (kyūjitai) |
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For pronunciation and definitions of 様 – see the following entry. |
【ちゃま】 |
- [suffix] (childish) honorific suffix: Synonym of 様 (-sama)
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(This term, 様, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |