奏でる

Japanese

Kanji in this term
奏
かな Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
楽でる (rare)

Etymology

From Old Japanese 奏づ (kanadu), in the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) pattern.

Development

Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かなでる [kànádéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠na̠de̞ɾɯ̟]

Verb

奏(かな)でる • (kanaderu) transitive ichidan (stem 奏(かな)で (kanade), past 奏(かな)でた (kanadeta))

1. to play (a musical instrument or piece of music)

   バイオリンを奏(かな)でる

   baiorin o kanaderu

   to play the violin

   君(きみ)が代(よ)を奏(かな)でる

   Kimi ga Yo o kanaderu

   to play "Kimi ga Yo"

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	奏で	かなで	kanade
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	奏で	かなで	kanade
Shūshikei ("terminal")	奏でる	かなでる	kanaderu
Rentaikei ("attributive")	奏でる	かなでる	kanaderu
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	奏でれ	かなでれ	kanadere
Meireikei ("imperative")	奏でよ¹ 奏でろ²	かなでよ¹ かなでろ²	kanadeyo¹ kanadero²
Key constructions
Passive	奏でられる	かなでられる	kanaderareru
Causative	奏でさせる 奏でさす	かなでさせる かなでさす	kanadesaseru kanadesasu
Potential	奏でられる 奏でれる³	かなでられる かなでれる³	kanaderareru kanadereru³
Volitional	奏でよう	かなでよう	kanadeyō
Negative	奏でない 奏でぬ 奏でん	かなでない かなでぬ かなでん	kanadenai kanadenu kanaden
Negative continuative	奏でず	かなでず	kanadezu
Formal	奏でます	かなでます	kanademasu
Perfective	奏でた	かなでた	kanadeta
Conjunctive	奏でて	かなでて	kanadete
Hypothetical conditional	奏でれば	かなでれば	kanadereba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential

Conjugation of "奏でる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Synonyms

• 奏(そう)する (sōsuru): play an instrument
• 弾(ひ)く (hiku): play a stringed or keyboard instrument
• 吹(ふ)く (fuku): play a wind instrument
• 叩(たた)く (tataku): play drums

Derived terms

• 乙(かな)でる (kanaderu): to dance

References

1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN