地理

Chinese

		earth; ground; field earth; ground; field; place; land; (subor. part. adverbial); ‑ly	to manage; to heed; to put in order to manage; to heed; to put in order; reason; logic; science; inner principle or structure
trad. (地理)		地	理
simp. #(地理)		地	理

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Originally meant literally, “[definite] arrangement[s] of the earth”; attested earliest in the first part of Xici (繫辭上) commentary to the Classic of Changes^[1]:

• 仰以觀於天文，俯以察於地理，…… [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]

  ---

  仰以观于天文，俯以察于地理，…… [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

  From: I Ching, 11^th – 8^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

  yǎng yǐ guān yú tiānwén, fǔ yǐ chá yú dìlǐ,...... [Pinyin]

  (The sage), in accordance with (the Yi), looking up, contemplates the brilliant phenomena of the heavens, and, looking down, examines the definite arrangements of the earth; [...]

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dìlǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄌㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dei⁶ lei⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): ti⁵ li³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): thi-lî

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ti⁴ li¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): dê-lī
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tē-lí / tōe-lí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): di⁷ li²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dìlǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄌㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dìlǐ
    • Wade–Giles: ti⁴-li³
    • Yale: dì-lǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dihlii
    • Palladius: дили (dili)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: dei⁶ lei⁵
    • Yale: deih léih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dei⁶ lei⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: déi⁶ léi⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tei̯²² lei̯¹³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ti⁵ li³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi¹¹ li²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thi-lî
    • Hakka Romanization System: ti li^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ti⁴ li¹
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵⁵ li²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ti⁴ li¹
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰi⁵³ li⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dê-lī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti²⁴²⁻⁵³ l̃i³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē-lí
    • Tâi-lô: tē-lí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dexlie
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /te⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /te²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /te³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōe-lí
    • Tâi-lô: tuē-lí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doexlie
    • IPA (Taipei): /tue³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: di⁷ li²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tī lí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti¹¹ li⁵²/

Noun

地理

1. geography

   地理信息工程  ―  dìlǐ xìnxī gōngchéng  ―  geographic information engineering

2. geographical features; topography
3. (literary) address
4. (chiefly dialectal Mandarin, Hakka, Min) feng shui
5. (Classical) terrestrial organization(clarification of this definition is needed)

Synonyms

• (address): 地址 (dìzhǐ)
• (feng shui):

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		風水, 堪輿
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	風水
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	風水
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	風水
Cantonese	Hong Kong	風水
Gan	Nanchang	風水
	Pingxiang	風水
Hakka	Yudu	風水
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	風水, 地理
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	風水, 地理
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	風水, 地理
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	風水, 地理
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	風水, 地理
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	風水, 地理
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	風水, 地理
Huizhou	Jixi	風水
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	風水, 地理
Southern Min	Xiamen	風水
	Quanzhou	風水
	Zhangzhou	風水
	Tainan	風水, 地理
	Jieyang	地理
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	風水
Wu	Shanghai	風水
	Danyang	風水
	Ningbo	風水
	Wenzhou	風水
	Jinhua	風水

Dialectal synonyms of 風水 (“feng shui”) [map]

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “geography”): 天文 (tiānwén)

Adjective

地理

1. (attributive) geographical

   地理位置  ―  dìlǐ wèizhì  ―  geographical location

Derived terms

• 地理位置 (dìlǐ wèizhì)
• 地理學／地理学 (dìlǐxué)
• 地理師／地理师
• 地理空間／地理空间 (dìlǐkōngjiān)

 

References

1. Ulrich Theobald (2010 July 8) “Geographies (dili lei 地理類)”, in Chinaknowledge‎

Japanese

Kanji in this term
地	理
ち Grade: 2	り Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ちり [chíꜜrì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕiɾʲi]

Noun

地(ち)理(り) • (chiri) 

1. geography

   abbreviation for 地理学(ちりがく, chirigaku)

2. geographical features; topography

Related terms

• 地勢 (ちせい, chisei)

References

1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
地	理

Noun

地理 • (jiri) (hangeul 지리)

1. hanja form^? of 지리 (“geography”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
地	理

Noun

地理

1. chữ Hán form of địa lí (“geography”).