困厄

Chinese

		distress; sleepy; doze off	adversity
simp. and trad. (困厄)		困	厄

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	困	厄
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)	麥 (119)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	苦悶切	於革切
Baxter	khwonH	'eak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuənH/	/ʔˠɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuonH/	/ʔᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuənH/	/ʔɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwənH/	/ʔəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/kʰuənH/	/ʔɛk̚/
Wang Li	/kʰuənH/	/æk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰuənH/	/ʔæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kùn	e
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fan3	ak1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kùn'è

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan³ aak¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khùn-iak / khùn-ek

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kùn'è
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄣˋ ㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kùn-è
    • Wade–Giles: kʻun⁴-o⁴
    • Yale: kwùn-è
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuenneh
    • Palladius: куньэ (kunʹe)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwan³ aak¹
    • Yale: kwan āak
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwan³ aak⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuen³ ag¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn³³ aːk̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khùn-iak
    • Tâi-lô: khùn-iak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quon'iag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khùn-ek
    • Tâi-lô: khùn-ik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quon'eg
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰun²¹⁻⁵³ iɪk̚³²/

---

• Middle Chinese: khwonH 'eak

Noun

困厄

1. (literary) dire straits; distress

Synonyms

edit

• 危境 (wēijìng)
• 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 困境 (kùnjìng)
• 地步 (dìbù)
• 時艱 / 时艰 (shíjiān) (difficult times at present)
• 溝壑 / 沟壑 (gōuhè) (literary)
• 畏景 (wèijǐng) (literary, figurative)
• 處境 / 处境 (chǔjìng)
• 逆境 (nìjìng)