員外

Chinese

		person; employee; member	outside; in addition; foreign outside; in addition; foreign; external
trad. (員外)		員	外
simp. (员外)		员	外

Pronunciation

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edit edit 員外 / 员外 援外

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuánwài

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ ㄨㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁴ ngoi⁶ / jyun⁴ ngoi^6-2
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yèn-ngoi / yàn-ngoi

  (Hailu, HRS): rhan ngoi^˖

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): oân-gōe / goân-gōe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uêng⁵ ghua⁷

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuánwài
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ ㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuánwài
    • Wade–Giles: yüan²-wai⁴
    • Yale: ywán-wài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuanway
    • Palladius: юаньвай (juanʹvaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn³⁵ waɪ̯⁵¹/
    • Homophones:
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴ ngoi⁶ / jyun⁴ ngoi^6-2
    • Yale: yùhn ngoih / yùhn ngói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴ ngoi⁶ / jyn⁴ ngoi^6-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴ ngoi⁶ / yun⁴ ngoi^6-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹ ŋɔːi̯²²/, /jyːn²¹ ŋɔːi̯²²⁻³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèn-ngoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: ien^ˇ ngoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan² ngoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯en¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàn-ngoi
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian^ˇ ngoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan² ngoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an¹¹ ŋoi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: rhan ngoi^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /ʒan⁵⁵ ŋoi³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân-gōe
    • Tâi-lô: uân-guē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oan'goe
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uan²⁴⁻²² ɡue⁴¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan²³⁻³³ ɡue³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /uan²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡue³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan¹³⁻²² ɡue²²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /uan²⁴⁻²² ɡue²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goân-gōe
    • Tâi-lô: guân-guē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goan'goe
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡuan²³⁻³³ ɡue³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡue³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: uêng⁵ ghua⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uêng guā
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ɡua¹¹/

Noun

員外

1. ancient official title
2. (old) landlord; squire

   • 魯達道：「員外錯愛酒家，如何報答？」趙員外便道：「『四海之內皆兄弟也。』如何言報答之事？」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     鲁达道：「员外错爱酒家，如何报答？」赵员外便道：「『四海之内皆兄弟也。』如何言报答之事？」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Shi Nai'an, Water Margin, circa 14^th century CE

     Lǔ Dá dào: “Yuánwài cuò'ài jiǔjiā, rúhé bàodá?” Zhào yuánwài biàn dào: “‘sìhǎizhīnèijiēxiōngdì yě.’ Rúhé yán bàodá zhī shì?” [Pinyin]

     Lu Da said: "Squire, you've been treating this drunkard so well. How can I repay you?" Squire Zhao answered: "Within the four seas, all men are brothers. Why mention repayment?"

   • 乃是寇員外家，他門前有個『萬僧不阻』之牌。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     乃是寇员外家，他门前有个『万僧不阻』之牌。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE

     Nǎishì Kòu yuánwài jiā, tā ménqián yǒu ge ‘wànsēng bùzǔ’ zhī pái. [Pinyin]

     This is the home of Squire Kou; before his door there’s also a plaque with the inscription, "Ten Thousand Monks Will Not Be Barred".