任命

Chinese

		to assign; to appoint; office to assign; to appoint; office; responsibility	life; fate
trad. (任命)		任	命
simp. #(任命)		任	命

Pronunciation

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edit edit 任命 認命 / 认命

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rènmìng

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jam⁶ ming⁶

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yin-min
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): līm-bēng / jīm-bēng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rènmìng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rènmìng
    • Wade–Giles: jên⁴-ming⁴
    • Yale: rèn-mìng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rennminq
    • Palladius: жэньмин (žɛnʹmin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹⁻⁵³ miŋ⁵¹/
    • Homophones:
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jam⁶ ming⁶
    • Yale: yahm mihng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jam⁶ ming⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yem⁶ ming⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐm²² mɪŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yin-min
    • Hakka Romanization System: in min
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yin⁴ min⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /in⁵⁵ min⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yin-min
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)in min
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yin⁴ min⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)in⁵⁵ min⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līm-bēng
    • Tâi-lô: līm-bīng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lixmbeng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁴¹⁻²² biɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lim³³⁻¹¹ biɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lim²²⁻²¹ biɪŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm-bēng
    • Tâi-lô: jīm-bīng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jixmbeng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zim²²⁻²¹ biɪŋ²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /zim³³⁻²¹ biɪŋ³³/

Verb

任命

1. to appoint; to assign a job; to assign a role

   她被任命為校長。 [MSC, trad.]
   她被任命为校长。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā bèi rènmìng wéi xiàozhǎng. [Pinyin]

   She was appointed principal.

2. (literary) to resign oneself to fate
3. (literary) to receive instructions

Synonyms

• (to appoint):

edit

• 任用 (rènyòng)
• 委任 (wěirèn)
• 委派 (wěipài)
• 委用 (wěiyòng) (formal)
• 引用 (yǐnyòng) (Classical Chinese)
• 錄用 / 录用 (lùyòng)
• 齒錄 / 齿录 (chǐlù) (literary)

Derived terms

• 聽天任命 / 听天任命 (tīngtiānrènmìng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
任	命
にん Grade: 5	めい Grade: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 任命 (MC nyimH mjaengH, “burden, charge + command”). Compare modern Mandarin 任命 (rènmìng, “to appoint”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) にんめー [nìńméé] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ĩmːe̞ː]

Noun

任(にん)命(めい) • (ninmei) 

1. an appointment, assignment, installation, induction, or instatement of a person to an office or position

Antonyms

• 罷免(ひめん) (himen, “dismissal”)

Derived terms

• 任命権(にんめいけん) (ninmeiken): appointive power, the power to appoint or name someone to an office or position
• 任命式(にんめいしき) (ninmeishiki): a swearing-in ceremony

Related terms

• 任用(にんよう) (nin'yō)

Verb

任(にん)命(めい)する • (ninmei suru) suru (stem 任(にん)命(めい)し (ninmei shi), past 任(にん)命(めい)した (ninmei shita))

1. to appoint, assign, install, induct, or instate a person to an office or position

   Synonym: 命ずる

   課長(かちょう)に任命(にんめい)する

   kachō ni ninmei suru

   to appoint or name someone to the position of department or section manager

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	任命し	にんめいし	ninmei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	任命し	にんめいし	ninmei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	任命する	にんめいする	ninmei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	任命する	にんめいする	ninmei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	任命すれ	にんめいすれ	ninmei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	任命せよ¹ 任命しろ²	にんめいせよ¹ にんめいしろ²	ninmei seyo¹ ninmei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	任命される	にんめいされる	ninmei sareru
Causative	任命させる 任命さす	にんめいさせる にんめいさす	ninmei saseru ninmei sasu
Potential	任命できる	にんめいできる	ninmei dekiru
Volitional	任命しよう	にんめいしよう	ninmei shiyō
Negative	任命しない	にんめいしない	ninmei shinai
Negative continuative	任命せず	にんめいせず	ninmei sezu
Formal	任命します	にんめいします	ninmei shimasu
Perfective	任命した	にんめいした	ninmei shita
Conjunctive	任命して	にんめいして	ninmei shite
Hypothetical conditional	任命すれば	にんめいすれば	ninmei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "任命する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

References

1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.