いずく

See also: いすぐ

Japanese

Alternative spelling
何処

Etymology

⟨iduku⟩ → /id͡zuku/ → /izuku/

From Old Japanese いづく (iduku).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) いずく [ìzúkú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• (Tokyo) いずく [íꜜzùkù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [izɨkɯ̟]

Pronoun

いずく • (izuku) ^{←いづく (iduku)?}

1. (archaic) indefinite interrogative pronoun: where, whence, whither, which
2. (archaic, after a particle) indefinite demonstrative pronoun: anywhere, everywhere, somewhere
   • 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 4, poem 333)

     さびしさに宿(やど)を立(た)ち出(い)でて眺(なが)むればいづくも同(おな)じ秋(あき)の夕(ゆふ)暮(ぐ)れ

     sabishisa ni yado o tachiidete nagamureba izuku mo onaji aki no yūgure

     I step in loneliness outside my dwelling; and when looking out, everywhere is but the same―autumn dusk.

     [Note: Poem 70 of the Hyakunin Isshu replaces izuku with いづこ (izuko) of the same meaning.]

Derived terms

Derived terms

• いずこ (izuko)

  → いどこ (idoko)

  → どこ (doko, modern form)

• いずくか (izuku ka)
• いずくともなし (izuku tomo nashi)
• いずくにか (izuku ni ka)

  → 安(いずく)んか, 焉(いずく)んか (izukun ka)

• いずくにぞ (izuku ni zo)

  → 安(いずく)んぞ, 焉(いずく)んぞ (izukunzo)

• いずくはあれど (izuku wa aredo)

See also

	a-/wa- “I, we” (first person)	na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person)	k- “this” (close to speaker)	s- “that” (close to listener)	a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both)	i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative)	ono- “oneself” (reflexive)
Person	あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro)	な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi)	こ (ko) これ (kore)	そ (so) それ (sore)	あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare)	た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi)	おの (ono) おのれ (onore)
Thing			こ (ko) これ (kore)	そ (so) それ (sore)	あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare)	いづれ (izure) なに (nani)
Location			ここ (koko)	そこ (soko)	あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko)	いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko)
Direction			こち (kochi) こなた (konata)	そち (sochi) そなた (sonata)	あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata)	いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata)
Manner			か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō)	さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika)		いか (ika)
Time						いつ (itsu)

Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN