գամփռ

Armenian

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Armenian Gampr dog

Wikipedia

Alternative forms

• գՙա՛մփըռ (gʻámpʻəṙ) — Akhaltsikhe
• գՙա՛մբՙըռ (gʻámbʻəṙ) — Sivas
• գՙօմփօռ (gʻōmpʻōṙ) — Ararat

Etymology

From Middle Armenian գամփռ (gampʻṙ).

Pronunciation

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɑmpʰər/, [ɡɑ́mpʰər]
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑmpər/, [kʰɑ́mpʰər]

• Audio (Eastern Armenian):

  (file)

Noun

գամփռ • (gampʻṙ)

1. any large and powerful dog, especially the Caucasian Shepherd Dog

Declension

i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian)
	singular	plural
nominative	գամփռ (gampʻṙ)	գամփռներ (gampʻṙner)
dative	գամփռի (gampʻṙi)	գամփռների (gampʻṙneri)
ablative	գամփռից (gampʻṙicʻ)	գամփռներից (gampʻṙnericʻ)
instrumental	գամփռով (gampʻṙov)	գամփռներով (gampʻṙnerov)
locative	—	—
	definite forms
nominative	գամփռը/գամփռն (gampʻṙə/gampʻṙn)	գամփռները/գամփռներն (gampʻṙnerə/gampʻṙnern)
dative	գամփռին (gampʻṙin)	գամփռներին (gampʻṙnerin)
	1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	գամփռս (gampʻṙs)	գամփռներս (gampʻṙners)
dative	գամփռիս (gampʻṙis)	գամփռներիս (gampʻṙneris)
ablative	գամփռիցս (gampʻṙicʻs)	գամփռներիցս (gampʻṙnericʻs)
instrumental	գամփռովս (gampʻṙovs)	գամփռներովս (gampʻṙnerovs)
locative	—	—
	2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	գամփռդ (gampʻṙd)	գամփռներդ (gampʻṙnerd)
dative	գամփռիդ (gampʻṙid)	գամփռներիդ (gampʻṙnerid)
ablative	գամփռիցդ (gampʻṙicʻd)	գամփռներիցդ (gampʻṙnericʻd)
instrumental	գամփռովդ (gampʻṙovd)	գամփռներովդ (gampʻṙnerovd)
locative	—	—

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գամփռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 510a

Middle Armenian

Alternative forms

• գամբռ (gambṙ), գափռ (gapʻṙ)

Etymology

Ačaṙean does not know the origin.^[1] According to J̌ahukyan, we are dealing with a sound-symbolic formation.^[2]

Ačaṙean considers Northern Kurdish gembol (“large watchdog”) a borrowing from Armenian, with the r → l sound change occurring within Kurdish, because there is no Armenian dialectal form with an -լ (-l).^[1] Compare also Central Kurdish گەماڵ (gemall, “male dog; mastiff”)^[3][4] and Northern Kurdish gemal (“mastiff”).^[5]

Noun

գամփռ • (gampʻṙ)

1. a large dog
   • 12–13th century, Vardan Aygekcʻi, Žołovacʻoykʻ aṙakacʻ Vardanay [Collections of Fables of Vardan] :^[6]

     […] և տանուտէր մի եբեր շուն մի գամբռ (var. գամփռ) և սաստիկ ուժեղ […]

     […] ew tanutēr mi eber šun mi gambṙ (var. gampʻṙ) ew sastik užeġ […]

   • 12–13th century, Vardan Aygekcʻi, Žołovacʻoykʻ aṙakacʻ Vardanay [Collections of Fables of Vardan] :^[7]

     […] գամփռ շուն մի իւրեանց մեծն և էր կուր […]

     […] gampʻṙ šun mi iwreancʻ mecn ew ēr kur […]

Derived terms

• գամփռել (gampʻṙel)
• գամփալ (gampʻal)

Descendants

• Armenian: գամփռ (gampʻṙ)
  • → Northern Kurdish: gembol

References

1. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գամփռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 510a
2. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “գամփռ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 148a
3. Kurdojev, K. K., Jusupova, Z. A. (1983) “گەماڵ”, in Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ (sorani) [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary (Sorani)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 572b
4. Qazzaz, Shafiq (2000) “گەماڵ”, in The Sharezoor Kurdish–English dictionary, Erbil: Aras Press and Publishers, page 486a
5. Îzolî, D. (1992) “gemal”, in Ferheng : Kurdî-Tirkî. Türkçe-Kürtçe‎, compiled by a native of the Dersim region, Istanbul: Deng Yayınları, →ISBN, page 162a
6. Марр, Н. (1894) Сборники притч Вардана. Часть II. Тексты [Collections of Vardan's fables. Part II. Texts], Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, § 8, page 9
7. Марр, Н. (1894) Сборники притч Вардана. Часть II. Тексты [Collections of Vardan's fables. Part II. Texts], Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, § 111, page 129

Further reading

• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գամփռ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• “գամփռ”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui [Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, 1749–1769
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գամփռ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy