πούς

See also: πους

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• πόρ (pór) — Laconian
• πώς (pṓs) — Doric
• πῶς (pôs)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pṓds. Cognates include Mycenaean Greek 𐀡 (po) (dat. 𐀡𐀆 (po-de /⁠podei⁠/)), Latin pēs, Sanskrit पद् (pad), Old Armenian ոտն (otn) and հետ (het), Gothic 𐍆𐍉𐍄𐌿𐍃 (fōtus) and Old English fōt (English foot).^[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pǔːs/ → /pus/ → /pus/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pǔːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pus/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /pus/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /pus/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /pus/

Noun

πούς • (poús) m (genitive ποδός); third declension

1. foot
2. leg
3. (unit of measure) Greek foot or pous, the ancient Greek and Byzantine unit of length originally based upon the length of a shod foot

Declension

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ πούς ho poús	τὼ πόδε tṑ póde	οἱ πόδες hoi pódes
Genitive	τοῦ ποδός toû podós	τοῖν ποδοῖν toîn podoîn	τῶν ποδῶν tôn podôn
Dative	τῷ ποδῐ́ tôi podí	τοῖν ποδοῖν toîn podoîn	τοῖς ποσῐ́ / ποσῐ́ν toîs posí(n)
Accusative	τὸν πόδᾰ tòn póda	τὼ πόδε tṑ póde	τοὺς πόδᾰς toùs pódas
Vocative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Third declension of ὁ πούς; τοῦ ποδός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Genitive	ποδός podós	ποδοῖῐν podoîin	ποδῶν podôn
Dative	ποδῐ́ podí	ποδοῖῐν podoîin	ποσί / ποσίν / πόδεσσῐ / πόδεσσῐν / ποσσί / ποσσίν posí(n) / pódessi(n) / possí(n)
Accusative	πόδᾰ póda	πόδε póde	πόδᾰς pódas
Vocative	πούς poús	πόδε póde	πόδες pódes
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Third declension of πούς; ποδός (Epic)

Derived terms

• ἄπους (ápous)
• δασύπους (dasúpous)
• εἰλίπους (eilípous)
• Ἑκατόμπεδον (Hekatómpedon)
• ἐκποδών (ekpodṓn)
• ἐμποδών (empodṓn)
• ἐρυθρόπους (eruthrópous)
• ἱστόποδες (histópodes)
• καλόπους (kalópous, “having beautiful feet”)
• κᾱλόπους (kālópous, “shoemaker's last”)
• κορωνόπους (korōnópous)
• μυρίαπους (muríapous)
• ὀκτώπους (oktṓpous)
• ποδανιπτήρ (podaniptḗr)
• ποδήνεμος (podḗnemos)
• πόδιον (pódion)
• ποδοστράβη (podostrábē)
• ποδόω (podóō)
• ποδώκης (podṓkēs)

 

Descendants

• Byzantine Greek: πόδιν (pódin) (from diminutive πόδιον)
  • Greek: πόδι (pódi)
  • >? Mariupol Greek: пудъа́р (puðár)
• → English: -pod, pous

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πούς, ποδός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1227-8

Further reading

• “πούς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πούς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πούς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• πούς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• πούς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “πούς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G4228 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• πούς in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • foot idem, page 333.
  • leg idem, page 484.
  • rope idem, page 721.
  • sheet idem, page 764.
  • step idem, page 815.