καλύπτω
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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Uncertain. The etymology determination is complicated by the fact that the word is both in sense and form similar with Ancient Greek κρύπτω (krúptō, “to hide, cover”), thus indicating possible (bi-directional) analogical influence.
Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover”) (whence Latin cēlō (“to hide”)); however, Beekes argues that neither the α-vocalism nor the ύ (ú) + different labials (he considers Ancient Greek καλύβη (kalúbē, “hut, cabin”) and Ancient Greek καλύφη (kalúphē, “submerged land”) cognates) can be convincingly explained by Indo-European etymology, and thus the root is likely from Pre-Greek.[1]
κᾰλῠ́πτω • (kalúptō)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰλῠ́πτω | κᾰλῠ́πτεις | κᾰλῠ́πτει | κᾰλῠ́πτετον | κᾰλῠ́πτετον | κᾰλῠ́πτομεν | κᾰλῠ́πτετε | κᾰλῠ́πτουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠ́πτω | κᾰλῠ́πτῃς | κᾰλῠ́πτῃ | κᾰλῠ́πτητον | κᾰλῠ́πτητον | κᾰλῠ́πτωμεν | κᾰλῠ́πτητε | κᾰλῠ́πτωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠ́πτοιμῐ | κᾰλῠ́πτοις | κᾰλῠ́πτοι | κᾰλῠ́πτοιτον | κᾰλῠπτοίτην | κᾰλῠ́πτοιμεν | κᾰλῠ́πτοιτε | κᾰλῠ́πτοιεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰ́λῠπτε | κᾰλῠπτέτω | κᾰλῠ́πτετον | κᾰλῠπτέτων | κᾰλῠ́πτετε | κᾰλῠπτόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κᾰλῠ́πτομαι | κᾰλῠ́πτῃ, κᾰλῠ́πτει |
κᾰλῠ́πτεται | κᾰλῠ́πτεσθον | κᾰλῠ́πτεσθον | κᾰλῠπτόμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́πτεσθε | κᾰλῠ́πτονται | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠ́πτωμαι | κᾰλῠ́πτῃ | κᾰλῠ́πτηται | κᾰλῠ́πτησθον | κᾰλῠ́πτησθον | κᾰλῠπτώμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́πτησθε | κᾰλῠ́πτωνται | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠπτοίμην | κᾰλῠ́πτοιο | κᾰλῠ́πτοιτο | κᾰλῠ́πτοισθον | κᾰλῠπτοίσθην | κᾰλῠπτοίμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́πτοισθε | κᾰλῠ́πτοιντο | |||||
imperative | κᾰλῠ́πτου | κᾰλῠπτέσθω | κᾰλῠ́πτεσθον | κᾰλῠπτέσθων | κᾰλῠ́πτεσθε | κᾰλῠπτέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰλῠ́πτειν | κᾰλῠ́πτεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰλῠ́πτων | κᾰλῠπτόμενος | ||||||||||
f | κᾰλῠ́πτουσᾰ | κᾰλῠπτομένη | |||||||||||
n | κᾰλῠ́πτον | κᾰλῠπτόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐκᾰ́λῠπτον | ἐκᾰ́λῠπτες | ἐκᾰ́λῠπτε(ν) | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτετον | ἐκᾰλῠπτέτην | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτομεν | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτετε | ἐκᾰ́λῠπτον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκᾰλῠπτόμην | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτου | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτετο | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτεσθον | ἐκᾰλῠπτέσθην | ἐκᾰλῠπτόμεθᾰ | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτεσθε | ἐκᾰλῠ́πτοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰλῠ́ψω | κᾰλῠ́ψεις | κᾰλῠ́ψει | κᾰλῠ́ψετον | κᾰλῠ́ψετον | κᾰλῠ́ψομεν | κᾰλῠ́ψετε | κᾰλῠ́ψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | κᾰλῠ́ψοιμῐ | κᾰλῠ́ψοις | κᾰλῠ́ψοι | κᾰλῠ́ψοιτον | κᾰλῠψοίτην | κᾰλῠ́ψοιμεν | κᾰλῠ́ψοιτε | κᾰλῠ́ψοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | κᾰλῠ́ψομαι | κᾰλῠ́ψῃ, κᾰλῠ́ψει |
κᾰλῠ́ψεται | κᾰλῠ́ψεσθον | κᾰλῠ́ψεσθον | κᾰλῠψόμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψεσθε | κᾰλῠ́ψονται | ||||
optative | κᾰλῠψοίμην | κᾰλῠ́ψοιο | κᾰλῠ́ψοιτο | κᾰλῠ́ψοισθον | κᾰλῠψοίσθην | κᾰλῠψοίμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψοισθε | κᾰλῠ́ψοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | κᾰλῠφθήσομαι | κᾰλῠφθήσῃ | κᾰλῠφθήσεται | κᾰλῠφθήσεσθον | κᾰλῠφθήσεσθον | κᾰλῠφθησόμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠφθήσεσθε | κᾰλῠφθήσονται | ||||
optative | κᾰλῠφθησοίμην | κᾰλῠφθήσοιο | κᾰλῠφθήσοιτο | κᾰλῠφθήσοισθον | κᾰλῠφθησοίσθην | κᾰλῠφθησοίμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠφθήσοισθε | κᾰλῠφθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰλῠ́ψειν | κᾰλῠ́ψεσθαι | κᾰλῠφθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰλῠ́ψων | κᾰλῠψόμενος | κᾰλῠφθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | κᾰλῠ́ψουσᾰ | κᾰλῠψομένη | κᾰλῠφθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | κᾰλῠ́ψον | κᾰλῠψόμενον | κᾰλῠφθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐκᾰ́λῠψᾰ | ἐκᾰ́λῠψᾰς | ἐκᾰ́λῠψε(ν) | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰτον | ἐκᾰλῠψᾰ́την | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰμεν | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰτε | ἐκᾰ́λῠψᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠ́ψω | κᾰλῠ́ψῃς | κᾰλῠ́ψῃ | κᾰλῠ́ψητον | κᾰλῠ́ψητον | κᾰλῠ́ψωμεν | κᾰλῠ́ψητε | κᾰλῠ́ψωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠ́ψαιμῐ | κᾰλῠ́ψειᾰς, κᾰλῠ́ψαις |
κᾰλῠ́ψειε(ν), κᾰλῠ́ψαι |
κᾰλῠ́ψαιτον | κᾰλῠψαίτην | κᾰλῠ́ψαιμεν | κᾰλῠ́ψαιτε | κᾰλῠ́ψειᾰν, κᾰλῠ́ψαιεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰ́λῠψον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́τω | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́των | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτε | κᾰλῠψᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐκᾰλῠψᾰ́μην | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψω | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰτο | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθον | ἐκᾰλῠψᾰ́σθην | ἐκᾰλῠψᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθε | ἐκᾰλῠ́ψᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠ́ψωμαι | κᾰλῠ́ψῃ | κᾰλῠ́ψηται | κᾰλῠ́ψησθον | κᾰλῠ́ψησθον | κᾰλῠψώμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψησθε | κᾰλῠ́ψωνται | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠψαίμην | κᾰλῠ́ψαιο | κᾰλῠ́ψαιτο | κᾰλῠ́ψαισθον | κᾰλῠψαίσθην | κᾰλῠψαίμεθᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψαισθε | κᾰλῠ́ψαιντο | |||||
imperative | κᾰ́λῠψαι | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθω | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθων | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθε | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθην | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθης | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθη | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθητον | ἐκᾰλῠφθήτην | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθημεν | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθητε | ἐκᾰλῠ́φθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠφθῶ | κᾰλῠφθῇς | κᾰλῠφθῇ | κᾰλῠφθῆτον | κᾰλῠφθῆτον | κᾰλῠφθῶμεν | κᾰλῠφθῆτε | κᾰλῠφθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠφθείην | κᾰλῠφθείης | κᾰλῠφθείη | κᾰλῠφθεῖτον, κᾰλῠφθείητον |
κᾰλῠφθείτην, κᾰλῠφθειήτην |
κᾰλῠφθεῖμεν, κᾰλῠφθείημεν |
κᾰλῠφθεῖτε, κᾰλῠφθείητε |
κᾰλῠφθεῖεν, κᾰλῠφθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | κᾰλῠ́φθητῐ | κᾰλῠφθήτω | κᾰλῠ́φθητον | κᾰλῠφθήτων | κᾰλῠ́φθητε | κᾰλῠφθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰλῠ́ψαι | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθαι | κᾰλῠφθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰλῠ́ψᾱς | κᾰλῠψᾰ́μενος | κᾰλῠφείς, κᾰλυφθείς | |||||||||
f | κᾰλῠ́ψᾱσᾰ | κᾰλῠψᾰμένη | κᾰλῠφεῖσᾰ, κᾰλυφθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰν | κᾰλῠψᾰ́μενον | κᾰλῠφέν, κᾰλυφθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
The passive participle κᾰλῠφείς is based on an otherwise unattested second aorist stem. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κᾰ́λῠψᾰ | κᾰ́λῠψᾰς | κᾰ́λῠψε(ν) | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́την | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰμεν | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτε | κᾰ́λῠψᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠ́ψω, κᾰλῠ́ψωμῐ |
κᾰλῠ́ψῃς, κᾰλῠ́ψῃσθᾰ |
κᾰλῠ́ψῃ, κᾰλῠ́ψῃσῐ |
κᾰλῠ́ψητον | κᾰλῠ́ψητον | κᾰλῠ́ψωμεν | κᾰλῠ́ψητε | κᾰλῠ́ψωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠ́ψαιμῐ | κᾰλῠ́ψαις, κᾰλῠ́ψαισθᾰ, κᾰλῠ́ψειᾰς |
κᾰλῠ́ψειε(ν), κᾰλῠ́ψαι |
κᾰλῠψεῖτον | κᾰλῠψείτην | κᾰλῠψεῖμεν | κᾰλῠψεῖτε | κᾰλῠψεῖεν | |||||
imperative | κᾰ́λῠψον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́τω | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́των | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτε | κᾰλῠψᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | κᾰλῠψᾰ́μην | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰο | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰτο | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθην | κᾰλῠψᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθε | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠ́ψωμαι | κᾰλῠ́ψηαι | κᾰλῠ́ψηται | κᾰλῠ́ψησθον | κᾰλῠ́ψησθον | κᾰλῠψώμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψησθε | κᾰλῠ́ψωνται | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠψαίμην | κᾰλῠ́ψαιο | κᾰλῠ́ψαιτο | κᾰλῠ́ψαισθον | κᾰλῠψαίσθην | κᾰλῠψαίμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰλῠ́ψαισθε | κᾰλῠψαίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | κᾰ́λῠψαι | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθω | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθον | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθων | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθε | κᾰλῠψᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | κᾰλῠ́φθην | κᾰλῠ́φθης | κᾰλῠ́φθη | κᾰλῠ́φθητον | κᾰλῠφθήτην | κᾰλῠ́φθημεν | κᾰλῠ́φθητε | κᾰλῠ́φθησᾰν, κᾰ́λῠφθεν | ||||
subjunctive | κᾰλῠφθῶ | κᾰλῠφθῇς | κᾰλῠφθῇ | κᾰλῠφθῆτον | κᾰλῠφθῆτον | κᾰλῠφθῶμεν | κᾰλῠφθῆτε | κᾰλῠφθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κᾰλῠφθείην | κᾰλῠφθείης | κᾰλῠφθείη | κᾰλῠφθεῖτον, κᾰλῠφθείητον |
κᾰλῠφθείτην, κᾰλῠφθειήτην |
κᾰλῠφθεῖμεν, κᾰλῠφθείημεν |
κᾰλῠφθεῖτε, κᾰλῠφθείητε |
κᾰλῠ́φθειεν, κᾰλῠφθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | κᾰλῠ́φθητῐ | κᾰλῠφθήτω | κᾰλῠ́φθητον | κᾰλῠφθήτων | κᾰλῠ́φθητε | κᾰλῠφθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | κᾰλῠ́ψαι/κᾰλῠψᾰ́μεν/κᾰλῠψᾰμέναι | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰσθαι | κᾰλῠφθῆναι/κᾰλῠφθήμεναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | κᾰλῠ́ψᾱς | κᾰλῠψᾰ́μενος | κᾰλῠφείς, κᾰλυφθείς | |||||||||
f | κᾰλῠ́ψᾱσᾰ | κᾰλῠψᾰμένη | κᾰλῠφεῖσᾰ, κᾰλυφθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | κᾰλῠ́ψᾰν | κᾰλῠψᾰ́μενον | κᾰλῠφέν, κᾰλυφθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
The passive participle κᾰλῠφείς is based on an otherwise unattested second aorist stem. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κεκᾰ́λῠφᾰ | κεκᾰ́λῠφᾰς | κεκᾰ́λῠφε(ν) | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾰτον | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾰτον | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾰμεν | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾰτε | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | κεκᾰλῠ́φω | κεκᾰλῠ́φῃς | κεκᾰλῠ́φῃ | κεκᾰλῠ́φητον | κεκᾰλῠ́φητον | κεκᾰλῠ́φωμεν | κεκᾰλῠ́φητε | κεκᾰλῠ́φωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κεκᾰλῠ́φοιμῐ, κεκᾰλῠφοίην |
κεκᾰλῠ́φοις, κεκᾰλῠφοίης |
κεκᾰλῠ́φοι, κεκᾰλῠφοίη |
κεκᾰλῠ́φοιτον | κεκᾰλῠφοίτην | κεκᾰλῠ́φοιμεν | κεκᾰλῠ́φοιτε | κεκᾰλῠ́φοιεν | |||||
imperative | κεκᾰ́λῠφε | κεκᾰλῠφέτω | κεκᾰλῠ́φετον | κεκᾰλῠφέτων | κεκᾰλῠ́φετε | κεκᾰλῠφόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κεκᾰ́λῠμμαι | κεκᾰ́λῠψαι | κεκᾰ́λῠπται | κεκᾰ́λῠφθον | κεκᾰ́λῠφθον | κεκᾰλῠ́μμεθᾰ | κεκᾰ́λῠφθε | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾰται | ||||
subjunctive | κεκᾰλῠμμένος ὦ | κεκᾰλῠμμένος ᾖς | κεκᾰλῠμμένος ᾖ | κεκᾰλῠμμένω ἦτον | κεκᾰλῠμμένω ἦτον | κεκᾰλῠμμένοι ὦμεν | κεκᾰλῠμμένοι ἦτε | κεκᾰλῠμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | κεκᾰλῠμμένος εἴην | κεκᾰλῠμμένος εἴης | κεκᾰλῠμμένος εἴη | κεκᾰλῠμμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | κεκᾰλῠμμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | κεκᾰλῠμμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | κεκᾰλῠμμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | κεκᾰλῠμμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | κεκᾰ́λῠψο | κεκᾰλῠ́φθω | κεκᾰ́λῠφθον | κεκᾰλῠ́φθων | κεκᾰ́λῠφθε | κεκᾰλῠ́φθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | κεκᾰλῠφέναι | κεκᾰλῠ́φθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | κεκᾰλῠφώς | κεκᾰλῠμμένος | ||||||||||
f | κεκᾰλῠφυῖᾰ | κεκᾰλῠμμένη | |||||||||||
n | κεκᾰλῠφός | κεκᾰλῠμμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | κεκᾰλῠ́φειν, κεκᾰλῠ́φη |
κεκᾰλῠ́φεις, κεκᾰλῠ́φης |
κεκᾰλῠ́φει(ν) | κεκᾰλῠ́φετον | κεκᾰλῠφέτην | κεκᾰλῠ́φεμεν | κεκᾰλῠ́φετε | κεκᾰλῠ́φεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | κεκᾰλῠ́μμην | κεκᾰ́λῠψο | κεκᾰ́λῠπτο | κεκᾰ́λῠφθον | κεκᾰλῠ́φθην | κεκᾰλῠ́μμεθᾰ | κεκᾰ́λῠφθε | κεκᾰλῠ́φᾰτο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
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