Νεῖλος

Ancient Greek

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Nile

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Etymology

From the noun νεῖλος (neîlos, “river valley”), possibly from Semitic root naḥal. The Egyptian name for it was ḥꜥpj.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /nêː.los/ → /ˈni.los/ → /ˈni.los/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /nêː.los/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈni.los/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈni.los/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈni.los/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈni.los/

Proper noun

Νεῖλος • (Neîlos) m (genitive Νείλου); second declension

1. the river Nile
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 338

Inflection

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Νεῖλος ho Neîlos
Genitive	τοῦ Νείλου toû Neílou
Dative	τῷ Νείλῳ tôi Neílōi
Accusative	τὸν Νεῖλον tòn Neîlon
Vocative	Νεῖλε Neîle
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ Νεῖλος; τοῦ Νείλου (Attic)

Derived terms

• Νειλαιεύς (Neilaieús)
• Νειλαῖος (Neilaîos)
• Νειλοβροχέω (Neilobrokhéō)
• Νειλογενής (Neilogenḗs)
• Νειλοθερής (Neilotherḗs)
• Νειλοκᾰλᾰ́μη (Neilokălắmē)
• Νειλομέτρῐον (Neilométrĭon)
• Νειλόρῠτος (Neilórŭtos)
• Νειλοσκοπεῖον (Neiloskopeîon)
• Νειλωῐ̈́ς (Neilōĭ̈́s)
• Νειλῷος (Neilôios)
• Νειλώτης (Neilṓtēs)
• Νειλῶτις (Neilôtis)

Descendants

• Albanian: Nili
• Arabic: النِّيل (an-nīl)
• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܢܝܠܘܣ (Nīlōs)

  Jewish Aramaic: נִילוֹס (Nîlôs)

• Catalan: Nil
• Dutch: Nijl
• English: Nile
• French: Nil
• Greek: Νείλος (Neílos)
• Hebrew: נילוס
• Italian: Nilo
• Latin: Nīlus
• Persian: نیل (nil)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: नील (nīl)

    Urdu: نِیل (nīl)

  • → Punjabi: ਨੀਲ (nīl), نیل (nīl)
• Polish: Nil
• Portuguese: Nilo
• Russian: Нил (Nil)
• Sicilian: Nilu
• Spanish: Nilo
• Turkish: Nil

Further reading

• “Νεῖλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “Νεῖλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “Νεῖλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,018