Probability of a given process occurring in a particle collision
In physics, the cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. For example, the Rutherford cross-section is a measure of probability that an alpha particle will be deflected by a given angle during an interaction with an atomic nucleus. Cross section is typically denoted σ (sigma) and is expressed in units of area, more specifically in barns. In a way, it can be thought of as the size of the object that the excitation must hit in order for the process to occur, but more exactly, it is a parameter of a stochastic process.
amongst neutron cross sections the absorption crosssections are of particular interest. In nuclear physics it is conventional to consider the impinging
In nuclear physics, the concept of a neutron crosssection is used to express the likelihood of interaction between an incident neutron and a target nucleus
Photoionisation crosssection in the context of condensed matter physics refers to the probability of a particle (usually an electron) being emitted from
Radar cross-section (RCS), denoted σ, also called radar signature, is a measure of how detectable an object is by radar. A larger RCS indicates that an
In particle physics, the Klein–Nishina formula gives the differential crosssection (i.e. the "likelihood" and angular distribution) of photons scattered