Polarization or polarisation may refer to:
- Polarization (physics), the ability of waves to oscillate in more than one direction; polarization of light allows the glare-reducing effect of polarized sunglasses
- Polarization (antenna), the state of polarization (in the above sense) of electromagnetic waves transmitted by or received by a radio antenna
- Dielectric polarization, charge separation in insulating materials:
- Polarization (electrochemistry), a change in the equilibrium potential of an electrochemical reaction
- Concentration polarization, the shift of the electrochemical potential difference across an electrochemical cell from its equilibrium value
- Spin polarization, the degree by which the spin of elementary particles is aligned to a given direction
- Polarizability, an electrical property of atoms or molecules and a separate magnetic property of subatomic particles
- Photon polarization, the mathematical link between wave polarization and spin polarization
- Vacuum polarization, a process in which a background electromagnetic field produces virtual electron-positron pairs
- Polarization (album), an album by American jazz trombonist and composer Julian Priester
- Polarization, in many disciplines, is a tendency to be located close to one of the opposite ends of a continuum