House of Koxinga

"Zheng dynasty" redirects here. For other states in history, see Zheng (disambiguation).

The House of Koxinga, also known as the Zheng dynasty, was the ruling family of the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan. They played a significant role in the history of East Asia and Southeast Asia, particularly during the seventeenth century.^[5]

House of Koxinga 鄭氏 / Zheng
Royal family in East Asia
Flag of the Kingdom of Tungning
Country	Chongzhen of Ming (1628) Longwu of Southern Ming (1645) Yongli of Southern Ming (1646) Kingdom of Tungning (1662)
Founded	1655 (1655) Founder's elevation to Prince of Yanping
Founder	Koxinga
Final ruler	Zheng Keshuang
Titles	Prince of Yanping (延平王) King of Tungning (東寧國王)[1] King of Daepeon (大樊國主)[2] King of Taiwan[3] Sia (舍)[4]
Dissolution	1683 (1683)
Deposition	Defeated by the Qing Dynasty in the Battle of Penghu
Cadet branches	Tagawa-shi

Names

In Chinese, the dynasty is referred to as:

• The Zheng clan (Chinese: 鄭氏; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tēⁿ-sī).
• The House of Zheng in Taiwan (Chinese: 台灣鄭氏; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Tēⁿ-sī)
• The Family of Koxinga (Chinese: 鄭成功家族; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tēⁿ Sêng-kong Ka-cho̍k)

Overview

See also: Kingdom of Tungning

Territories of the House of Koxinga at their largest extent

Following the Qing conquest of the Kingdom of Tungning in 1683, the territory's last ruler, Zheng Keshuang, Prince of Yanping and grandson of Koxinga, was taken to Beijing.^[5] The Kangxi Emperor granted Zheng the peerage title of Duke Hanjun and inducted him and his descendants into the Plain Red Banner.^[5] The family remained in Beijing until 1911, when the Xinhai Revolution broke out, leading to the fall of the Qing dynasty. Afterward, they moved back to Anhai and Nan'an in southern Fujian, where they reside to this day.^[5]

Koxinga's other descendants held the hereditary title of "Sia."^[4] They are found both on mainland China and in Taiwan, while the descendants of Koxinga's brother, Shichizaemon, reside in Japan.

His descendants through one of his sons, Zheng Kuan, live in Taiwan.^[6] One of Koxinga's descendants on mainland China, Zheng Xiaoxuan (鄭曉嵐), the father of Zheng Chouyu (鄭愁予), fought against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Zheng Chouyu, born in Shandong, mainland China, referred to himself as a "child of the resistance" against Japan. During the war, he became a refugee, moving across China to escape the Japanese forces.

In 1949, he relocated to Taiwan and focused on fostering stronger ties between Taiwan and mainland China.^[7] Although Zheng Chouyu was born in mainland China and identified as Chinese, he felt alienated when he was forced to move to Taiwan in 1949. Taiwan, which had previously been under Japanese rule, felt strange and foreign to him.^[8]

Rulers of the Kingdom of Tungning

The House of Koxinga produced five rulers of the Kingdom of Tungning: three reigning monarchs and two regents.

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Title(s)	Reign (Lunar calendar)
1		Zheng Chenggong (Koxinga) 鄭成功 Zhèng Chénggōng (1624–1662)	Prince of Yanping (延平王) Prince Wu of Chao (潮武王)	14 June 1661 Yongli 15-5-18	23 June 1662 Yongli 16-5-8
2		Zheng Xi 鄭襲 Zhèng Xí (1625–?)	Protector (護理)	23 June 1662 Yongli 16-5-8	30 November 1662 Yongli 17
3		Zheng Jing 鄭經 Zhèng Jīng (1642–1681)	Prince of Yanping (延平王) Prince Wen of Chao (潮文王)	30 November 1662 Yongli 17	17 March 1681 Yongli 35-1-28
4		Zheng Kezang 鄭克𡒉 Zhèng Kèzāng (1662–1681)	Prince Regent (監國)	17 March 1681 Yongli 35-1-28	19 March 1681 Yongli 35
5		Zheng Keshuang 鄭克塽 Zhèng Kèshuǎng (1670–1707)	Prince of Yanping (延平王) Duke Hanjun (漢軍公)	19 March 1681 Yongli 35	5 September 1683 Yongli 37-8-13

Genealogy

Adoption

Zheng Zhilong

Prince of Yanping

Zheng Chenggong (KOXINGA)

Tagawa Shichizaemon

Zheng Du

Zheng En

Zheng Yin

Zheng Xi

Zheng Mo

Zheng Jing

Zheng Cong

Zheng Ming

Zheng Rui

Zheng Zhi

Zheng Kuan

Zheng Yu

Zheng Wen

Zheng Rou

Zheng Fa

Zheng Gang

Zheng Shou

Zheng Wei

Zheng Fu

Zheng Yan

Zheng Zuanwu

Zheng Zuanwei

Niru

Zheng Kezang

Zheng Keshuang

Zheng Kexue

Zheng Kejun

Zheng Keba

Zheng Kemu

Zheng Keqi

Zheng Keqiao

Zheng Ketan

Zheng Kezhang

Zheng Kepei

Zheng Kechong

Zheng Kezhuang

Zheng Bingmo

Zheng Kegui

Zheng Bingcheng

Zheng Bingxun

Zheng Kexi

Zheng Wen

Zheng Bao

Zheng Yu

Zheng Kun

Zheng Ji

Zheng Zhong

Zheng Anfu

Zheng Anlu

Zheng Ankang

Zheng Anji

Zheng Andian

Zheng Ande

Zheng Yan

Zheng Yi

Zheng Qi

Zheng Anxi

Zheng Anqing

Zheng Anxiang

Zheng Anguo

Zheng Anrong

Zheng Anhua

Xialing

Bailing

Shunling

Yongling

Changling

Qingling

Zheng Shijun

Zheng Xianji

Zheng Xiansheng

Zheng Fu

Zheng Beng

Zheng Ai

Zheng Xian

Zheng Pin

Zheng Weng

Zheng Ming

Zheng Rui

Zheng Xing

Zheng Sheng

Zheng Jia

Zheng Guan

Zheng Pin

Zheng Qi

Zheng Tu

Zheng Dian

Zheng Lin

Zheng Qi

Zheng Bin

Zheng Min

Zheng Chang

Zheng Jin

Zheng Gui

Zheng Song

Zheng Bo

Zheng Ji

Zheng Bangxun

Zheng Bangrui

Zheng Bangning

Zheng Wenkui

Zheng Wenbi

Zheng Wen'ying

Zheng Wenfang

Zheng Wenguang

Zheng Wenzhong

Zheng Wenquan

Zheng Wen'wu

Zheng Wenlian

Zheng Wenmin

Zheng Wenhan

Zheng Jizong

Zheng Chengzong

Zheng Cheng'en

Zheng Cheng'yao

Zheng Chenggang

Zheng Chengxu

Liubu

Qinglu

Qingfu

Qing'yu

Qingxiang

Shuangding

Qingpu

Qingmao

Yingpu

Shanpu

Qingxi

Ruishan

Tushan

Deshan

Rongshan

Deyin

Deyu

Songhai

Deshou

Chang'en

Shi'en

Fu'en

Songtai

Yufang

Yuhai

Yuchen

Enrong

Enfu

Enlu

Enhou

Enbao

Enlian

Xingsheng

Yulin

Yucheng

Yushan

Yufu

Yuhai

Yusheng

Yuliang

Runquan

Zheng Yi

Zheng Ze

Chongxu

Erkang

Zheng Jichang

Shuzeng

Shuyue

Shuwang

See also

• Kingdom of Tungning
• Sia (title)

References

1. 九州大学文学部附属九州文化史硏究施設会 (1956). 《九州文化史研究所所蔵古文書目錄》 第17卷 (in Japanese). 日本: 九州文化史研究所.
2. 《朝鮮顯宗大王實錄》：「本南蠻地，蠻人甲必丹主之。其後寢弱，故明之遺民，多入居之。大樊國遣游擊柯貴主之。大樊國乃鄭錦舍所主也。隆武時有鄭成功者，賜國姓，封鎮國大將軍。與清兵戰，清人累敗。未幾死，其子錦舍繼封仁德將軍，逃入大樊，有衆數十萬。其地在福建海外，方千餘里。」
3. 王泰升等 (2006-07-01). 《追尋臺灣法律的足跡: 事件百選與法律史研究》 (in Chinese). 台灣: 五南出版社. ISBN 9571141747.
4. Academia Sinica. "siá". Min and Hakka Language Archives. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
5. Xing Hang (5 January 2016). Conflict and Commerce in Maritime East Asia: The Zheng Family and the Shaping of the Modern World, c.1620–1720. Cambridge University Press. pp. 239–. ISBN 978-1-316-45384-1.
6. Xing Hang (5 January 2016). Conflict and Commerce in Maritime East Asia: The Zheng Family and the Shaping of the Modern World, c.1620–1720. Cambridge University Press. pp. 233–. ISBN 978-1-316-45384-1.
7. "詩人鄭愁予：我是個抗戰兒童". 中國新聞網. 2015-07-16. Archived from the original on 2018-05-15. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
8. Chung-To Au (2008). Modernist Aesthetics in Taiwanese Poetry Since The 1950s. BRILL. pp. 154–. ISBN 978-90-04-16707-0.