M202 railway (Croatia)

The Zagreb–Rijeka railway, officially designated as the M202 railway, is a 229-kilometre (142 mi) long railway line in Croatia connecting Zagreb and Rijeka.^{[maps 1]} It is part of the Pan-European corridor V branch B, which runs from Rijeka to Budapest. It is electrified and single-tracked.^[1]

Zagreb–Rijeka railway
Technical
Line length	229 km (142.3 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4.7 ft)
Electrification	25 kV 50 Hz AC
Operating speed	140 km/h (87.0 mph) max.
Route map Legend via Dugo Selo towards Budapest and towards Belgrade 424.4 Zagreb Glavni railway station M101 to Ljubljana Sava river bridge M104 to Sisak and Novska 430.3 Remetinec A3 Motorway 435.2 Hrvatski Leskovac A1 Motorway 441.9 Horvati 448.4 Zdenčina 451.9 Desinec 457.0 Jastrebarsko 460.1 Domagović 463.1 Lazina 467.5 Draganić L217 to Sisak A1 Motorway L104 to Ozalj and Metlika 477.0 Karlovac Kupa river bridge 478.5 Karlovac Centre 483.1 Mrzlo Polje 488.3 Duga Resa 505.6 Generalski Stol 509.5 Donje Dubrave 520.1 Tounj 527.3 Oštarije M604 to Knin and Split A1 Motorway 533.5 Ogulin 547.9 Gomirje A6 Motorway 554.4 Vrbovsko 563.2 Moravice 570.4 Brod Moravice 579.6 Skrad 583.1 Kupjak 586.5 Zalesina 592.4 Delnice A6 Motorway 600.9 Lokve 607.2 Vrata 609.7 Fužine 613.2 Lič 621.0 Zlobin 641.2 Škrljevo M602 to Bakar Bakar A7 Motorway 650.3 Sušak Pećine Brajdica tunel M603 to Brajdica 2.9 Rijeka Brajdica Kalvarija tunnel Rijeka Centre L214 to Brajdica 653.2 Rijeka railway station M203 to Pivka

Several short branch lines are connected to the M202 railway, including the 12,554-metre (41,188 ft) M602 railway Škrljevo–Bakar, 3,985-metre (13,074 ft) M603 railway Sušak-Pećine–Brajdica area of the Port of Rijeka, and the 1,853-metre (6,079 ft) L214 railway between Rijeka and Brajdica — all within the Rijeka city limits or its immediate surroundings.^[2][3]

History

The line was first opened in 1865 between Zagreb and Karlovac, a branch of the Zidani most to Sisak line. The section to Rijeka was opened on 6 September 1873, and is notable for its steep descent towards the port city. Subsequently, in 1880, the line went from ownership of the Austrian Southern Railway Company to the Hungarian Government. After the First World War, the line entered ownership of the railways of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (from 1929, known as Yugoslavia). Rijeka stayed as a border station with the Ferrovie delle Stato up to 1945, when the whole line became part of the Yugoslav Railways. Since 1991, it is owned by the Croatian Railways.

Electrification

As early as 1936, the Italians electrified the Pivka-Rijeka line (not part of the current M202 railway) at the standard 3 kV DC voltage. After World War Two, the Yugoslav Railways considered the 3 kV DC electrification system to become the standard electrification system of the Yugoslav Railways, as it was already present in some parts of Croatia and Slovenia. As such, it became favoured in the 1950s and early 1960s, and electrification of the Zagreb-Rijeka line began:

• 1953: Rijeka-Fužine
• 1960: Fužine-Moravice
• 1963: Moravice-Karlovac
• 1970: Karlovac-Zagreb GK

However, in the later half of the 1960s, the Yugoslav Railways considered the 25 kV AC at 50 Hz system instead, which later became the national standard (the project was initially experimented in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1967 and 1969). At the same time when the electrification of the Zagreb-Rijeka line was completed, the Zagreb to Belgrade line was electrified too, at 25 kV AC. Thus, Zagreb became a multisystem station, for trains heading towards Rijeka and Ljubljana.

In the first half of the 1980s, the Yugoslav Railways considered the full conversion of the remaining 3 kV DC network (by then present in all of Slovenia and parts of West Croatia) into the national standard. Work began in 1984 and the following segments were converted:

• 1985: Zagreb GK-Hrvatski Leskovac (alongside with line towards Dobova, Slovenia)
• 1987: Hrvatski Leskovac-Moravice
• 2012: Moravice-Rijeka

But by 1991, the Yugoslav Railways had run out of funds, and later on, with the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the line entered ownership of the newly-created Croatian Railways. For a long while, Moravice was a multisystem station, where former JŽ Class 362 locomotives would take over trains towards Rijeka, after being pulled by former JŽ Class 441 locomotives. Along the years, various proposals for the conversion of the network were done, including conversion of the Class 1061 locomotives to Class 1161 locomotives (these were 1061s with 25 kV AC systems, rebuilt at TŽV Janko Gredelj) but eventually, the plans didn't really materialize, as Slovenia insisted on keeping the 3 kV DC electrification, and lack of funds in early 1990s Yugoslavia and Croatia led to the 1161 project to be abandoned.

Finally, in December 2012, the rest of the line, from Moravice to Rijeka (and further onwards to the border with Slovenia) was fully converted to 25 kV AC. Now all electrified lines in Croatia use 25 kV AC electrification, although in some stations the Italian-style catenary is still visible. The last Class 1061 locomotives, along with Class 315 EMUs (a variant similar to the PKP EN57 multiple units) were withdrawn.

Reconstruction

Part of the corridor between Hrvatski Leskovac and Karlovac is currently under major reconstruction. Completion of the project will permit trains to maintain a target speed of 160 km/h throughout most of the rail section.^[4]

Gallery

• 
  Zagreb, Main railway station
• 
  Hendrix-bridge in Zagreb, opened 1939, renovated in 1968. It got its name from Jimi Hendrix in 1970, due to a famous graffiti, noticeable on its green paint
• 
  Retired class 1061 locomotive pulling an InterCity from Zagreb, 2004
• 
  Rijeka railway station

Maps

1. Overview map of the Zagreb-Rijeka railway (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved October 10, 2013.

References

1. 2014 HŽ network statement Archived 2013-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
2. "Odluka o razvrstavanju željezničkih pruga" [Decision on Classification of Railways]. Narodne novine (in Croatian). Government of Croatia. 2006.
3. "Karta pruga" [Railway map] (in Croatian). Croatian Railways. Archived from the original on 2013-10-17.
4. "Works on the railway line on the section Hrvatski Leskovac-Karlovac". Povezanahrvatska. Retrieved 2023-03-07.

External links

Media related to Zagreb–Rijeka railway at Wikimedia Commons