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British train operating company From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
South Western Railway (SWR; legal name First MTR South Western Trains Limited,[3]) is a British train operating company owned by FirstGroup (70%) and MTR Corporation (30%) that operates the South Western franchise.
Overview | |
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Franchise(s) | South Western 20 August 2017 – 28 May 2025 |
Main region(s) | |
Fleet size | |
Parent company |
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Reporting mark | SW[2] |
Predecessor | South West Trains |
Other | |
Website | www |
On 20 August 2017, SWR took over South Western franchise operations from the previous franchisee South West Trains. SWR operates commuter services from its Central London terminus at London Waterloo to south west London. SWR provides suburban services in the counties of Surrey, Hampshire, Berkshire and Dorset, as well as regional services in Devon, Somerset and Wiltshire. Its subsidiary Island Line operates services on the Isle of Wight. Rolling stock changes have included a comprehensive refurbishment of existing units and the acquisition of new-build Class 701 units from Bombardier to replace SWR's Class 455, and Class 707 multiple units. The Class 483 fleet operated on the Island Line was also replaced by the Class 484 during 2021.
During April 2018, amid concerns of SWR's performance, the Transport Secretary, Chris Grayling, announced an independent review into SWR and Network Rail. Between 2 December 2019 and 2 January 2020, the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT) undertook 27 days of strikes. Further industrial action by SWR's staff was undertaken in 2022. In response to the decrease in passenger travel caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, SWR had considerably curtailed its services by mid-2020. In January 2020, SWR announced that they were in discussions with the government regarding the future of the franchise. In December 2020, it was announced that SWR's franchise would be abolished and replaced by a shorter management contract. In February 2023, the contract was extended to May 2025.
During July 2015, the Department for Transport (DfT) abandoned efforts to negotiate an extension with the incumbent operator of the South Western franchise, South West Trains, (owned by British transport conglomerate Stagecoach) and announced that the South Western franchise would be retendered for in the coming years.[4][5][6]
In February 2016, the DfT announced that two companies, FirstGroup and Stagecoach, had been shortlisted to bid for the next South Western franchise.[7][8] During June 2016, MTR Corporation partnered with FirstGroup in their bid, taking a 30% shareholding in the joint venture.[9][10] During July 2016, the DfT issued the Invitation to Tender.[11][12]
During March 2017, the DfT announced that the South Western franchise had been awarded to First/MTR.[13] At the time, it was stated that its franchise period was to commence from 20 August 2017 and run through to 18 August 2024, although the deal had included an option for the DfT to extend it for a further 48 weeks.[14][15][16]
The Competition & Markets Authority (CMA) held an inquiry into the awarding; during July 2017, it sought undertakings from SWR that it would not abuse its monopoly on services to the West of England, Dorset and Somerset, as FirstGroup also operated the Greater Western franchise in those regions.[17][18] FirstGroup and MTR responded with an offer to implement a cap upon unregulated fares between London and Exeter as a mitigating measure; the CMA chose to accept this concession.[19]
By April 2018, concerns had reportedly grown over SWR's performance over previous months; there had been a noted rise in both the number of delayed services and outright cancellations. Due to these concerns, the Transport Secretary, Chris Grayling, announced an independent review into the performance of South Western Railway and Network Rail; the review was welcomed by Winchester's MP, Steve Brine.[20] During July 2018, reports emerged that FirstGroup/MTR were in the process of renegotiating the SWR contract, allegedly due to the operator's inability to deliver on many of its promised improvements, as well as its declining performance and industrial action by its own staff.[21]
Between 2 December 2019 and 2 January 2020, the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT) undertook 27 days of strikes. These were in protest to the potential introduction of DOO (driver only operation) on SWR's new fleet of Bombardier-built Class 701 multiple units, which would thereby nullify the role of the guard.[22]
In January 2020, SWR announced that they were in discussions with the government regarding the future of the franchise following a £137 million loss, with termination of the contract being a possibility.[23]
By mid-2020, SWR had considerably curtailed its services in response to the significant decline of passenger travel amid the COVID-19 pandemic.[24][25] From 15 June 2020, both passengers and staff on public transport in England, including SWR services, were required to wear face coverings while travelling, and that anyone failing to do so would be liable to be refused travel or fined.[26][27]
In December 2020, it was announced that terms for the abolition of the franchise system for SWR had been agreed, and that the company would be given a management contract to run until 1 April 2023 when the ERMA (Emergency Recovery Measures Agreement) for the franchise ends in March 2021.[28] During October 2021, the contract was updated with a finish date of 28 May 2023, with an option to extend further if required by the DfT.[29] In February 2023, the contract was further extended until May 2025.[30]
SWR is one of several train operators impacted by the 2022–2024 United Kingdom railway strikes, which are the first national rail strikes in the UK for three decades.[31] Its workers are amongst those who are participating in industrial action due to a dispute over pay and working conditions.[32] SWR is capable of operating a minimal timetable on any of the planned dates for the strikes due to the number of staff involved.[33][34]
South Western Railway is the main operator for western Surrey, Hampshire, Dorset and the Isle of Wight, and also serves Greater London, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Somerset and Devon.
Most SWR services run on electrified lines using the 750 V DC third-rail system. There is a diesel fleet for services on the West of England line to Salisbury and Exeter, using the unelectrified track beyond Worting Junction just west of Basingstoke, and for Salisbury to Southampton via Romsey services which also serve Eastleigh.
From London Waterloo, SWR's London terminus, long-distance trains run to southern England, including the major coastal population centres of Portsmouth, Southampton, Bournemouth, Poole and Weymouth. There are also trains to Reading and Exeter, but these are not the principal fast services from London to those cities, which are operated from London Paddington by Great Western Railway. The majority of its passengers are on suburban commuter lines in inner and south-west London, Surrey, east Berkshire, and north-east Hampshire.
As with most rail companies, non-folding bicycles are banned from peak-time trains to and from London. However, these restrictions apply only to cyclists boarding or alighting in the area bounded by Hook, Alton, Guildford, Reading and Dorking, in order to maximise available passenger space on the most crowded trains.[35]
SWR operates regular services on four mainline routes:[36][37]
In total, there are 14 mainline trains per hour departing London Waterloo in the off-peak; this number increases in the peak hours.[37] The majority of mainline services are operated by Class 444 or Class 450 EMUs, except for the West of England Main Line which is always operated by Class 158 or Class 159 DMUs (because it is unelectrified) and the Alton Line which also sees the occasional use of Class 458 units.
South Western Railway also operates many suburban "Metro" services in and around London. These all run between London Waterloo and Clapham Junction, where they split into two separate routes: via Putney and via Wimbledon.[36] All services on the suburban part of the network are operated by Class 450, Class 455, Class 458 and Class 701 electric multiple units.
The main route via Putney is known as the Waterloo to Reading Line. It runs between London and Reading and passes through towns such as Staines-upon-Thames, Ascot and Bracknell. It operates as a fast service as far as Staines, with Reading trains only calling at Clapham Junction, Richmond, Twickenham and Feltham. Branch lines on this route include:[36][37]
A total of 12 trains per hour run between London Waterloo and Putney in the off-peak; this number increases in peak hours.[37]
The main route via Wimbledon uses the slow tracks of the quadruple-track South West Main Line. Suburban trains run along the mainline between London and Woking. Branch lines on this route include:[36][37]
A total of 16 trains per hour run between London Waterloo and Wimbledon in the off-peak; this number increases in peak hours.[37]
Routes that do not start or terminate at London Waterloo include:[36][37]
Parts of this article (those related to the out-of-date service tables) need to be updated. (September 2024) |
Details of each route, including maps and timetables, are on the South Western Railway official website (see External links below). As of December 2023, its routes off-peak Monday to Friday, with frequencies in trains per hour (tph), include:[40]
Improvements promised under the 2017 contract were:[41]
As of May 2019[update], there is also an hourly Sunday service between Reading and Salisbury via Basingstoke (with trains running between morning and evening).[42]
In August 2021, the company announced the launch of "assisted boarding points" at all 189 stations on its network, allowing disabled or elderly passengers to ask for assistance onboard trains with as little as ten minutes' notice.[43] The scheme will include clear signage at stations, with QR codes allowing customers to send details of the assistance they require and their planned journey to staff, replacing older systems wherein assisted journeys had to be booked six hours to a day in advance.
South Western Railway inherited a fleet of Classes 158, 159, 444, 450, 455, 456, 458 and 707 from South West Trains, and subsequently re-introduced Class 442 trains which had operated on Gatwick Express after earlier service with South West Trains. The current fleet for the Island Line, Class 484, entered service on 1 November 2021.[44]
During March 2020, the Class 442 fleet was withdrawn. One year later, SWR decided that they would not be returned to service and their re-introduction has been cancelled.[45] In March 2021, SWR announced it would be keeping 28 Class 458 units and will refurbish and reconfigure them to four carriages for planned deployment on the Portsmouth Direct Line instead of the Class 442.[46]
In early 2024 it was announced that the plan to use the refurbished and reconfigured Class 458s on the Portsmouth Direct Line had been dropped, and that South Western Railway has no current plans to use the 458/4s.[47][48]
On June 24, 2024, the first Class 458/4 entered public service, initially doing limited outer suburban routes such as London Waterloo to Weybridge via Addlestone.[49]
Classes 455, 456 and 707 fleets will be replaced by 30 five-car and 60 ten-car Class 701 units built at Bombardier's Derby Litchurch Lane Works, financed by ROSCO Rock Rail for £1 billion,[50] for use on Reading, Windsor and London suburban services.[51][52][53]
By June 2023[update], 42 of the 90 trains ordered had been accepted from Alstom.[54] The trains began to be used for passengers in January 2024.[55]
Family | Class | Image | Type | Top speed | Number | Carriages | Routes | Built | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mph | km/h | ||||||||
South Western Railway | |||||||||
Sprinter | 158 Express Sprinter | DMU | 90 | 145 | 8[56] | 2 | 1989–1992 | ||
159 South Western Turbo | 29[57][58] | 3 | West of England, Heart of Wessex and Wessex Main Lines: |
| |||||
Siemens Desiro | 444 | EMU | 100 | 160 | 45 | 5 |
|
2003–2004 | |
450 | 127 | 4 | Outer suburban routes:
|
2002–2006 | |||||
BR Second Generation (Mark 3) | 455 | 75 | 120 | 83[59] | 4 | Inner suburban routes: | 1982–1985 | ||
Alstom Coradia Juniper | 458/5 | 20[60] | 5 | Outer suburban services:
|
| ||||
Bombardier Aventra | 701/0 Arterio | 100 | 160 | 60 | 10 | Reading, Windsor and south west London suburban services | 2019–2024[55] | ||
701/5 Arterio | 30 | 5 | |||||||
Island Line | |||||||||
Vivarail D-Train | 484 | EMU | 60 | 100 | 5 | 2 | Island Line: Ryde Pier Head – Shanklin | ||
Train types formerly operated by South Western Railway include:
Family | Class | Image | Type | Top speed | Carriages | Number | Routes operated | Built | Withdrawn | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mph | km/h | ||||||||||
1938 tube stock | 483 | EMU | 45 | 72 | 2 | 6 | Island Line | 1938 | 2020–2021 | Replaced by Class 484 | |
BR Second Generation (Mark 3) | 442 Wessex Electrics | 100 | 160 | 5 | 18 | 1987–1989 | 2020 | Replaced by Class 444 | |||
455 | 75 | 120 | 4 | 9 | Inner suburban routes: | 1982–1985 | 2022 | Scrapped[59] | |||
456 | 2 | 24 |
|
1990–1991 | Scrapped[64] | ||||||
Siemens Desiro | 707 Desiro City | 100 | 160 | 30[65] | 5 | Inner suburban services: | 2015–2018 | 2021-2024 | Transferred to Southeastern | ||
The following train depots and stabling sidings are used for the South Western Railway fleet:
Bournemouth depot is southwest of Bournemouth station, occupying the approach to the former Bournemouth West station.
Farnham Traincare Depot, in Weydon Lane, was opened by the Southern Railway at the time of the electrification of the Portsmouth and Alton lines in 1937.[66]
Feltham depot was completed in 2021; it is intended to provide stabling for the Class 701 units.[67]
Fratton Traincare Depot is located on central Portsea Island, alongside Fratton station.
Northam Traincare Facility was built by Siemens in 2002 as the home depot for the Desiro fleet as part of a 20-year maintenance contract.[68] It is located south of St Denys station and is near Southampton Football Club's St Mary's Stadium.
Ryde Traincare Depot, alongside Ryde St John's Road on the Isle of Wight serviced the Class 483 units that used to operate on the Island Line.[69][70][71]
Salisbury depot is located in Salsibury.
Strawberry Hill train maintenance depot in south west London, was built in 1897, is inside the triangular junction of the Shepperton Branch Line with the Kingston Loop Line, just yards from Strawberry Hill railway station.
Wimbledon Traincare Depot is located between Wimbledon and Earlsfield stations, on the main line to Waterloo, next to the Wimbledon railway viaduct.
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