Vice-President of the Council of State (Netherlands)

The vice-president of the Council of State (Dutch: Vice-President van de Raad van State) is the de facto presiding officer of the Council of State.^[3] The monarch serves as the ex officio president of the Council of State but in reality seldom chairs meetings, in his absence, the vice-president serves as pro tempore chair of those meetings. The vice-president is also in charge of the council's organisation and administrative duties. The Constitution of the Netherlands stipulates that if the royal house were to become extinct the vice-president will become the acting head of state. Like the other members of the Council of State the vice president is appointed by the monarch upon nomination by the minister of the interior and kingdom relations. The service of the vice-president is a life tenure appointment but is required by law to enter a mandatory retirement at the age of 70. Alternatively, an early retirement or a forced termination of his tenure can be given by the monarch in a royal decree.^[4]

Vice-President of the Council of State of the Netherlands
Vice-President van de Raad van State
State Coat of arms of the Netherlands
Flag of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Incumbent Thom de Graaf since 1 November 2018
Member of	Council of State
Nominator	Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations
Appointer	Monarch
Term length	Life tenure until the age of 70
Formation	12 April 1814; 210 years ago (1814-04-12)
First holder	Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp
Unofficial names	Viceroy of the Netherlands [1][2]
Website	The Council of State

The current vice-president of the Council of State is Thom de Graaf.^[5]

List of vice-presidents

Portrait		Name	Term of office	Party	Monarch	Ref
		Count Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp (1762–1834)	12 April 1814 – 7 November 1816 (2 years, 209 days)	Independent (pro-government)	King William I	[6]
		Baron Johan Hendrik Mollerus (1750–1834)	7 November 1816 – 1 July 1829 (12 years, 236 days)	Independent (pro-government)		[7]
		His Royal Highness William, Prince of Orange (1792–1849)	1 July 1829 – 7 October 1840 (19 years, 98 days)	Nonpartisan (Royal House)		[8]
Vacant					King William II
		Dr. Baron Henri van Doorn van Westcapelle (1786–1853)	1 January 1841 – 26 March 1848 (7 years, 85 days)	Independent Conservative (ultraconservative)		[9]
		Jonkheer Willem Gerard van de Poll (1793–1872)	26 March 1848 – 1 April 1858 (10 years, 6 days)	Independent		[10]
					King William III
Vacant
		Baron Aeneas Mackay (1806–1876)	1 July 1862 – 6 March 1876 (13 years, 249 days)	Independent Antirevolutionary		[11]
Vacant
		Jonkheer Gerlach Cornelis Joannes van Reenen (1818–1893)	1 April 1876 – 31 May 1893 (17 years, 60 days)	Independent Conservative		[12]
					Queen Wilhelmina
Vacant
		Jonkheer Bram van Panhuys (1837–1907)	1 August 1893 – 1 January 1897 (3 years, 153 days)	Independent Liberal		[13][14]
Vacant
		Jonkheer Johan Willem Meinard Schorer (1834–1903)	1 February 1897 – 1 October 1903 (6 years, 242 days) [Died]	Independent Liberal		[15]
Vacant
		Jonkheer Petrus Johannes van Swinderen (1842–1911)	1 December 1903 – 19 December 1911 (8 years, 18 days) [Died]	Christian Historical Party (until 1908)		[16]
				Christian Historical Union (from 1908)
Vacant
		Jonkheer Joan Röell (1844–1914)	1 February 1912 – 13 July 1914 (2 years, 162 days) [Died]	League of Free Liberals		[17]
Vacant
		Dr. Wilhelmus Frederik van Leeuwen (1860–1930)	16 December 1914 – 18 April 1928 (13 years, 124 days)	Independent Liberal (Conservative Liberal)		[18]
Vacant
		Dr. Count Alex van Lynden van Sandenburg (1873–1932)	1 May 1928 – 25 December 1932 (4 years, 238 days) [Died]	Anti-Revolutionary Party		[19]
Vacant
		Jonkheer Frans Beelaerts van Blokland (1872–1956)	20 April 1933 – 27 March 1956 (22 years, 342 days) [Died]	Christian Historical Union		[20]
					Queen Juliana
Vacant
		Dr. Bram Rutgers (1884–1966)	16 May 1956 – 1 August 1959 (3 years, 77 days)	Anti-Revolutionary Party		[21]
		Dr. Louis Beel (1902–1977)	1 August 1959 – 1 July 1972 (12 years, 335 days)	Catholic People's Party		[22]
Vacant
		Marinus Ruppert (1911–1992)	1 September 1973 – 1 October 1980 (7 years, 30 days)	Anti-Revolutionary Party		[23]
					Queen Beatrix
		Willem Scholten (1927–2005)	1 October 1980 – 1 July 1997 (16 years, 273 days)	Christian Historical Union (until 1980)		[24]
				Christian Democratic Appeal (from 1980)
		Herman Tjeenk Willink (born 1942)	1 July 1997 – 1 February 2012 (14 years, 215 days)	Labour Party		[25]
		Piet Hein Donner (born 1948)	1 February 2012 – 1 November 2018 (6 years, 273 days)	Christian Democratic Appeal		[26]
					King Willem-Alexander
		Thom de Graaf (born 1957)	1 November 2018 (6 years, 22 days)	Democrats 66		[27]

^{Died in office.}

See also

• Council of State (Netherlands)
• Monarchy of the Netherlands

References

1. "Donner onderkoning van Nederland?" (in Dutch). EenVandaag. 11 October 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
2. "'Onderkoning van Nederland'" (in Dutch). Telegraaf. 21 May 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
3. "The Council of State". The Council of State. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
4. "Wet op de Raad van State". The Council of State. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
5. "De Raad van State wil zichzelf hervormen. Voor De Graaf, de nieuwe vicevoorzitter, is er werk aan de winkel". De Volkskrant (in Dutch). 31 October 2018. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
6. "Mr. G.K. graaf van Hogendorp". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
7. "Mr. J.H. baron Mollerus". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
8. "Z.M. (koning Willem II) koning Willem Frederik George Lodewijk, koning der Nederlanden, groothertog van Luxemburg, hertog van Limburg, prins van Oranje-Nassau". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
9. "Mr. H.J. (Henri) baron van Doorn van Westcapelle". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
10. "Jhr.Mr. W.G. van de Poll". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
11. "Mr. Æ. baron Mackay". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
12. "Jhr.Mr. G.C.J. van Reenen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
13. "Jhr.Mr. J.Æ.A. van Panhuys". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
14. "Vicepresidenten van de Raad van State". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
15. "Jhr.Mr. J.W.M. Schorer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
16. "Jhr.Mr. P.J. van Swinderen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
17. "Jhr.Mr. J. Röell". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
18. "Mr.Dr. W.F. van Leeuwen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
19. "Mr.dr. F.A.C. (Alex) graaf van Lynden van Sandenburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
20. "Jhr.Mr. F. Beelaerts van Blokland". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
21. "Dr. A.A.L. (Bram) Rutgers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
22. "Dr. L.J.M. (Louis) Beel". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
23. "Dr. M. (Marinus) Ruppert". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
24. "Mr. W. (Willem) Scholten". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
25. "Mr. H.D. (Herman) Tjeenk Willink". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
26. "Prof.Mr. J.P.H. (Piet Hein) Donner". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 June 2018.
27. "Mr. Th.C. (Thom) de Graaf". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 29 June 2018.