Ostandar

Ostandar or Ustandar was an administrative title wielded by provincial governors under the Sasanian Empire.^[1] They governed the royal lands, known as the ostan.^[2] The title was later assumed by the Baduspanids of Ruyan, starting with Shahriyar III ibn Jamshid (r. 937–949).^[1]

References

1. Ghereghlou 2018.
2. Daryaee 2014, p. 126.

Sources

• Daryaee, Touraj (2014). Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire. I.B.Tauris. pp. 1–240. ISBN 978-0857716668.
• Ghereghlou, Kioumars (2018). "Bādūsbānids". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
• Madelung, Wilferd (1988). "Baduspanids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, Vol. III, Fasc. 4. New York. pp. 385–391.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Miri, Negin (2012). "Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization". Sasanika: 1–183.^{[permanent dead link‍]}