The Urocystidales are an order of fungi within the class Ustilaginomycetes. The order contains 6 families and about 400 genera. They are a sister order to Ustilaginales.
| Urocystidales | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Urocystis colchici on onions | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Ustilaginomycetes |
| Order: | Urocystidales R. Bauer & Oberw., 1997[1] |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Urocystidales is also known and classified as the smut fungi.[3] They are serious plant pathogens, Urocystis, is one of the representative genera of the order, it is an example of a smut genus that has a wide host range. The type species Urocystis occulta (Wallr.) A.A. Fisch. Waldh (1867), was described as a pathogen on rye (Secale cereale).[4] They are found in marine and terrestrial environments.[1] The aquatic members of the Doassansiopsis genera are found in the tropics or subtropics.[5]
Morphology
They are distinguished from other fungi by the existence of haustoria (root-like structure) and pores in the septa of soral hyphae.[6][7]
Families
It was formed in 1997,[7] and consisted (then) of 4 families, (Doassansiopsidaceae, Glomosporiaceae, Melanotaeniaceae and Urocystidaceae with 1 genus.[8]
Later, Melanotaeniaceae was moved to the Ustilaginales order by Begerow et al. in 2006,[6][9] and others were added such as Fereydouniaceae and Floromycetaceae in 2014 S. Nasr, Soudi, H.D.T. Nguyen, M. Lutz & Piątek, and Mycosyringaceae in 2008.[6][10]
As accepted by GBIF[11] and others;[12]
- Doassansiopsidaceae (19) - only includes Doassansiopsis
- Fereydouniaceae (3) - includes Fereydounia
- Floromycetaceae (21) - includes Antherospora and Floromyces
- Glomosporiaceae (117) - includes Thecaphora (incl. Glomosporium[13] Sorosporium)
- Mycosyringaceae (5) - includes Mycosyrinx
- Urocystidaceae (228) - includes Flamingomyces, Melanoxa, Melanustilospora, Mundkurella, Tuburcinia, Urocystis, Ustacystis and Vankya
Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per family.[11]
Note the DNA of family Doassansiopsidaceae has been studied.[14]
Ecology
The leaves of the water-lily (Nymphaea nouchali) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis nymphaea.[15]
The leaves of Caldesia parnassifolia (Alisma reniforme) can be affected by the water-born fungi, Doassansiopsis hydrophila (A.Dietr.) Lavrov (syn Doassansiopsis martianoffiana).[16]
References
Other sources
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