Tzvi Hirsch Ferber (Hebrew: צבי הירש פרבר; 1879 – November 1966) was a Lithuanian-born British rabbi. A gifted orator, prolific author and Torah scholar, he led the West End Talmud Torah Synagogue in Soho, London.
Rabbi Tzvi Hirsch Ferber | |
|---|---|
צבי הירש פרבר | |
 | |
| Personal | |
| Born | 1879 Slabodka, Lithuania |
| Died | November 1966 (aged 86–87) London |
| Religion | Judaism |
| Denomination | Orthodox |
| Alma mater | Yeshivas Knesses Yisrael (Slabodka) |
| Synagogue | West End Talmud Torah Synagogue |
| Main work | Kerem HaTzvi |
Early life
Tzvi Hirsch Ferber was born to Shimon Yehuda Leib (died 9 March 1906[1]) and Chana Devorah (died 29 December 1911[1]) Farber (note the spelling[2]) in Slabodka/Kovno[1] in about 1878.[2] The name Tzvi Hirsch is a bilingual tautological name in Yiddish.[3]: 138 It means literally "deer-deer" and is traceable back to the Hebrew word צבי tsvi "deer" and the German word Hirsch "deer".[3]: 138 Ferber studied in the prestigious Slabodka yeshiva, as well as under such Talmudic and Mussar giants as Yitzchak Elchanan Spektor, Yitzchak Blazer and Naftali Amsterdam. He married Fraida the daughter of Tzvi Yosef Goldberg (died 6 June 1923), great granddaughter of Zev Wolf Lipkin, the Av Beth Din of Goldingen and Telz (the Ben Aryeh, author of glosses on the Talmud & Rishonim; died 18 May 1858) and great niece of Yisrael Salanter Lipkin (died 2 February 1883; Father of the Musar Movement).[1]
Career
Ferber arrived in Manchester, England in 1911, where he founded a yeshiva along with Yehoshua Dov Silverstone. In July 1913, he accepted a call to become Rabbi of the West End Talmud Torah Synagogue in Soho, London, a disorganised community of working-class Jewish immigrants of Eastern European origin. In a short span of time, Ferber successfully centralised the unorganised Jewish activities and religious life of the community into one institution.
Active in communal affairs, Ferber established the Chesed V’emeth Burial Society in 1915. He helped found the London yeshiva and was for many years the honorary secretary of the London "Vaad Harabonim" (rabbinical council) and chairman of the Association of London Rabbis ("Hisachdus Harabonim"). A member of its World Rabbinical council, Ferber gave valuable assistance to the Agudas Yisroel movement. He closely collaborated with Rabbi Drs. M. Jung and V. Schonfeld in Shechita and other communal issues. He was a friend of Avraham Yitzchak Kook, Chief Rabbi of Palestine, from the time that the latter was Rabbi of Machzike Hadath in London.
Ferber was hugely admired and venerated by his congregants and colleagues worldwide. Indeed, when he left his seat, everyone stood up and bowed towards him as a sign of respect. He was described as a “man of saintliness and gentleness, loved and admired by all who came into contact with him”. One of the most riveting Jewish orators of his day, he preached his sermons in Yiddish, and could bring his congregation to tears of nostalgia, or “get everyone laughing within the space of two sentences".
Ferber was Rabbi of Soho for 42 years, from 1913 until his retirement in 1955. He died in 1966 in London, survived by his son Jacob Ferber and four older daughters.
Personal life
Ferber's eldest daughter Hoda Malka (Eda) married the teacher, editor and poet Chaim Lewis. Eda was an early female marriage counsellor in post war London. Chaim Lewis published the prize-winning memoir 'A Soho Address' (Gollancz, 1965) and several books of poetry and was editor of The Jewish Review periodical in South Africa.
The second daughter Feiga Leah (Fanny) was married to Moshe (Morris) Davidson, Rabbi of the South West London United synagogue, who obtained his smicha from Elyah Lopian at Etz Chaim yeshiva, London.
The third daughter Anne took care of her father in his later years.
The fourth daughter Liba (Lilly) married Shlomo Pesach Toperoff, who first served as Rabbi of Sunderland and then as Rabbi of Newcastle upon Tyne. He authored of many prolific works including Lev Avot, Echod Mi Yodea, Eternal Life a handbook for the mourner, and The Animal Kingdom in Jewish Thought.
Works
In the world of Torah, Ferber was renowned as an outstanding scholar and sage. A prolific author, he produced 22 acclaimed works of Torah scholarship, perhaps the largest ever output by a rabbi in England. He was also a frequent contributor to numerous Hebrew journals and an avid reader in the Hebrew collections of the British Library. Taking advantage of his location in the West End, he visited the Oriental Reading Room of the British Museum every day.
Publications
- Kerem HaTzvi – 5 volume work on the Torah (Beraishis, Shemos, Vayikra, Bamidbar and Devarim) and Haggada, Rabbi Ferber's seminal work, issued between 1920 and 1938
- Degel Machane Yehudah – dealing with the influence of some archaeological finds on Torah interpretation (1925)
- Shvil HaTzvi - commentary on Megillas Esther (1933)
- Aishes Chayil - commentary on Aishes Chayil (1934)
- Birur Halacha - on civil marriages and divorce in Jewish law (1937)
- Kiryas Chana David - about King David (1950)
- Sefer Hamo'adim - volume of sermons (1950)
- Hegyonei Tzvi - on the end of days in Judaism (1952)
- Chamudei Tzvi - thoughts on the festivals and special periods of the year (1953)
- Hegyonei Avos - commentary on Pirkei Avos (1954)
- Siach Tzvi - commentary on prayer (1955)
- Kerem HaTorah (1956)
- Zivchei Todah - on Torah, prayer and Pirkei Avos (1957)
His works are now being republished by his descendants.
References
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