Tsardom of Bulgaria

The Tsardom of Bulgaria was the name of the Bulgarian state from Simeon's assumption of the title of Tsar in 913 until the Fatherland Front's foundation of the People's Republic of Bulgaria in 1946.

Tsardom of Bulgaria ц︢рьство бл︢гарское (Russian) Царство България (Bulgarian)
913–1018 1185–1422 1878–1946
Flag of Bulgaria Medieval Coat of arms
Motto: Съ Нами Богъ God is with us
Anthem: "Maritsa Rushes" Шуми Марица Royal anthem: "Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar" Химнъ на Негово Величество Царя
Bulgaria during the reign of tsar Simeon the Great, 10th century
Bulgaria in 1914
Capital	Preslav (913–972) Skopje (972–992) Ohrid (992–1018) Tarnovo (1185–1393) Vidin & Nikopol (1393–1396/1422) Sofia (1908–1946)
Common languages	Old Bulgarian (913–1018) Middle Bulgarian (1185–1396/1422) Modern Bulgarian (1908–1946)
Religion	Bulgarian Orthodox (913–1018) Bulgarian Orthodox (1185–1204) Roman Catholic (1204–1235) Bulgarian Orthodox (1235–1396/1422)
Demonym(s)	Bulgarian
Government	Monarchy
Monarch
• 913–927	Simeon I (first)
• 1943–1946	Simeon II (last)
Historical era	Middle Ages / World War I / World War II
• Established	913
• Disestablished	1018 1185–1422 1878–1946
ISO 3166 code	BG

It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and finally in the 20th century. The first and the second Bulgarian Tsardoms are not treated as separate entities, but rather as one state restored after a period of Byzantine rule over its territory. But the third Bulgarian Tsardom was restored after a period of more than four centuries of Ottoman rule, and the government principles of the Medieval period can not be applicable, so it was treated as separate state, which is just a successor of the Medieval Bulgarian Tsardoms.

While the title tsar was translated as "emperor" in the First and Second Bulgarian Empires, it was translated as "king" in modern Bulgarian language.

History

The Tsardom of Bulgaria is a continuation of the Bulgarian state founded in 681, actually the First Bulgarian Empire and the Tsardom of Bulgaria are one state.

It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and again in the 20th century. The first and the second Bulgarian Tsardoms are not treated as separate entities, but rather as one state restored after a period of Byzantine rule over its territory. But the third Bulgarian Tsardom was restored after a period of more than four centuries of Ottoman rule, and the government principles of the Medieval period can not be applicable, so it was treated as separate state, which is just a successor of the Medieval Bulgarian Tsardoms.