Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
| Mactridae Temporal range: Cretaceous to Present | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Shell of Spisula solida | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Venerida |
| Superfamily: | Mactroidea |
| Family: | Mactridae Lamarck, 1809 |
| Genera | |
|
See text. | |
Description
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone.[1]
Ecology
Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates.[1]
Genera
According to the World Register of Marine Species (2012), this family contains 37 genera:[2]
- Anatina Schumacher, 1817[3]
- Austromactra Iredale, 1930
- Barymactra Cossmann in Cossmann & Peyrot, 1909
- Coelomactra Dall, 1895
- Crassula Marwick, 1948
- Cyclomactra Dall, 1895[4]
- Darina Gray, 1853
- Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930
- Eastonia Gray, 1853
- Harvella Gray, 1853
- Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
- Huberimactra Cosel & Gofas, 2018
- Leptospisula Dall, 1895
- Lutraria Lamarck, 1799[3]
- Mactra Linnaeus, 1767[3]
- Mactrellona Marks, 1915[3]
- Mactrinula Gray, 1853[5]
- Mactromeris Conrad, 1868[3]
- Mactrotoma Dall, 1894[3]
- Maorimactra Finlay, 1928
- Meropesta Iredale, 1929
- Mulinia Gray, 1837[3]
- Oxyperas Mörch, 1853
- †Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866
- Raeta Gray, 1853[3]
- Rangia Desmoulins, 1832[3]
- Resania Gray, 1853
- Scalpomactra Finlay [in Marwick], 1928
- Scissodesma Gray, 1837
- Simomactra Dall, 1894[3]
- Spisula Gray, 1837[3]
- Standella Gray, 1853
- Tanysiphon Benson, 1858
- Tresus Gray, 1853[3]
- Trinitasia Maury, 1928
- Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935
- Zenatia Gray, 1853
- Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963
References
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