Timeline of Prague

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Prague, Czech Republic.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 16th century

• 870 CE – Prague Castle founded
• 10th C. - Vyšehrad (the "upper castle") is built.^[1]
  • Prague is one of the biggest slave markets in Europe as a center of the Prague slave trade.^[2]
• 973
  • St. George's Convent established in Prague Castle.
  • St. George's Basilica building expanded.
• 1085 – Coronation of Vratislaus II of Bohemia.
• 1172 – Judith Bridge [cs] built.
• 1235 – Wenceslaus I of Bohemia organised the building of a City wall.^[1]
• 1261 - Ottokar II of Bohemia crowned in Prague.
• 1270 – Great Synagogue built.^[3]
• 1344 – Catholic Archdiocese of Prague established.^[4]
• 1345 – University of Prague founded.^[5]
• 1347 - The black death killed millions.
• 1347 – 2 September: Coronation of Charles IV as King of Bohemia; Prague becomes capital of the Holy Roman Empire.^[1]
• 1348 – New Town founded outside Prague city walls.^[6]
• 1354 - Public clock installed (approximate date).^[7]
• 1363 – St. Wenceslas Chapel built
• 1370 – Tyn Church construction begins.^[8]
• 1386 – Karolinum rebuilt.
• 1391 – Bethlehem Chapel built.^[6]
• 1398 – Town Hall built in New Town.
• 1410 – Astronomical clock installed in City Hall.^[9]
• 1419 – Defenestration (political unrest).^[10]
• 1458 – Coronation of George of Poděbrady as King of Bohemia.^[8]
• 1475 – Powder Tower built.^[8]
• 1478 - Printing press in operation.^[11]
• 1483 - second Defenestration of Prague.

16th-18th centuries

• 1501 - Czech-language Protestant hymnal published.^[12]
• 1503 – Charles Bridge built.^[1]
• 1568 - High Synagogue (Prague) finished.
• 1580 - Loew reportedly invents the Golem of Prague.^[13]
• 1586 - Jewish Town Hall (Prague) constructed.
• 1590 - Maisel Synagogue construction begins.
• 1604 - October: Kepler observes a Milky Way supernova.
• 1618 – 23 May: 2nd Prague defenestration sparked off the Thirty Years' War.^[1]
• 1621 – 21 June: Execution of 27 Czech nobles on the Old Town Square as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.^[1]
• 1631 - Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, briefly occupied the town.^[1]
• 1635 – 30 May: City hosts signing of the Peace of Prague (1635).
• 1648
  • West bank of Prague (including the Prague Castle) occupied and looted by Swedish armies.^[1]
  • Peace of Westphalia "put a stop to hostilities".^[1]
• 1650 – Column of the Virgin erected in Old Town Square.^[8]
• 1724 – Sporck theatre active.
• 1738 – Palais Sylva-Tarouca built on Na příkopě.^[8]
• 1739 – Kotzentheater active.
• 1741 – November: Occupation by French-Bavarian armies.^[1]
• 1742 – Siege of Prague (1742).
• 1744 – City occupied by Prussian forces.^[6]
• 1755 – St. Nicholas Church built.
• 1757 - 6 May: Siege of Prague.^[10][14]
• 1765 – Goltz Palace built.
• 1783 – Nostitz Theatre opens.^[15]
• 1784 – Administration of Hradčany, Malá Strana, New Town, and Old Town unified as one city.
• 1787
  • 19 January: Premiere of Mozart's Prague Symphony.
  • 29 October: Premiere of Mozart's opera Don Giovanni.^[15]
• 1791
  • 6 September: Coronation of Leopold II as King of Bohemia.
  • 6 September: Premiere of Mozart's La clemenza di Tito.^[15]
• 1796
  • Lithography invented.^[12]
  • Academy of Fine Arts and the Picture Gallery established.

19th century

• 1813 – July–October: City hosts meeting of the Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars.^[10]
• 1818 – Bohemian Museum founded.^[16]
• 1825 – Savings bank established.^[17]
• 1841 – Bridge of Francis I [cs] built.^[18]
• 1847 – Austrian National Bank branch opens.^[17]
• 1848
  • 2–12 June: Prague Slavic Congress, 1848 held.
  • 17 June: Revolutionary uprising near Prague crushed by imperial army.^[19]
  • Old Town Hall rebuilt.^[8]
• 1850
  • Josefov becomes part of city.
  • Statue of Francis I erected in the Franzensquai.^[18]
• 1851 - Prague City Archives established.
• 1857
  • Prager Eisenindustrie-Gesellschaft [de] in business.^[20]
  • Industrial school established.^[20]
• 1862
  • Sokol sport club founded.
  • Provisional Theatre opens.
• 1866 – City hosts signing of the Peace of Prague (1866).^[10]
• 1868
  • Živnostenská banka (bank) founded.^[20]
  • Spanish Synagogue built.
• 1876 – Prager Tagblatt German-language newspaper begins publication.
• 1877 – Premiere of Dvořák's Symphonic Variations.
• 1879 – Anglo-Austrian Bank branch established.^[21]
• 1880 – Population: 293,822 metro.^[22]
• 1882 – Charles University reorganized into German- and Czech-language institutions.^[16]
• 1883
  • Vyšehrad becomes part of city.^[1]
  • Czech Theatre built.^[22]
  • National Theatre Ballet founded.
• 1884
  • Café Slavia opens.
  • Holešovice-Bubna becomes part of city.^[1]
  • Klausen Synagogue reconstructed.
• 1885
  • Rudolfinum (concert hall) inaugurated.
  • Museum of Decorative Arts founded.
• 1888 – Neues Deutsches Theater opens.
• 1890
  • 2 February: Premiere of Dvořák's Symphony No. 8.
  • September: Flood.^[22]
  • Population: 182,530.^[22]
• 1891
  • Petřín Lookout Tower and Bohemian Museum building constructed.^[23]
  • Hanavský Pavilion built in Letná Park.
  • General Land Centennial Exhibition (1891) held.
• 1896
  • Czech Philharmonic established.
  • Population: 189,157; metro 368,490.^[24]
• 1897 - Unrest.^[1]
• 1898
  • Bohemian Industrial Bank headquartered in city.^[25]
  • Civic museum opens on Poric Street.^[23]
• 1900
  • Old Prague Society founded.^[26]
  • Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague opened.

20th century

• 1901
  • Liben becomes part of city.^[1]
  • Francis Bridge built.^[23]
• 1905 - Unrest for "an extension of the suffrage".^[1]
• 1906
  • Prague-Velká Chuchle Racecourse opens.
  • Jewish Museum founded.
  • Population: 460,849 metro.^[1]
• 1907 – Vinohrady Theatre inaugurated.
• 1908
  • May–June: City hosts Prague 1908 chess tournament.
  • 19 September: Premiere of Mahler's Symphony No. 7.
• 1909 - Smíchov becomes part of Prague.
• 1910 - Population: 223,741.^[27]
• 1911 – St.-Antonius-von-Padua-Kirche (church) built on Bubenská-Platz [de].
• 1916 – May: City premiere of Janáček's Jenůfa.
• 1918
  • Kino Světozor [cs] (cinema) opens.^[28]
  • October: City becomes capital of Czechoslovakia.^[10]
• 1921 – Communist Party of Czechoslovakia headquartered in city.
• 1922
  • Great Prague [cs] created by uniting Prague with its suburbs and neighboring towns; 37 municipalities added.
  • Vinohrady and Žižkov become part of Prague.
  • Population: 676,000.
• 1930 – Population: 848,823.^[10]
• 1931 – Prague Zoo opens.
• 1934 - Prague Symphony Orchestra founded.^[29]
• 1939
  • March: Nazi German occupation of city begins.^[10]
  • City becomes seat of German Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.^[6]
• 1942 – 27 May: German official Reinhard Heydrich assassinated; Nazis respond with wave of terror.
• 1945
  • 14 February: Bombing of Prague in World War II.
  • 5–8 May: Prague uprising against the Nazi German occupants during the last days of World War II.
  • 6–11 May: Prague Offensive: arrival of the Red Army; Nazi German occupation ends.
  • Expulsion of German citizens
  • Academy of Performing Arts in Prague established.
• 1946
  • Prague Spring International Music Festival begins.^[30]
  • Faculty of Theatre established.
• 1948
  • February: 1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état.
  • May: City hosts The Second International Congress of Composers and Music Critics 1948.
• 1952
  • Slánský trial.
  • Prague Radio Symphony Orchestra active.
• 1954 – Bethlehem Chapel reconstructed.^[6]
• 1958 – Theatre on the Balustrade founded.
• 1955 – Stalin Monument unveiled at Letná Park.
• 1957 – Reduta Jazz Club opens on Národní.
• 1962 - Stalin Monument destroyed.
• 1964 – Prague Ballet active.^[31]
• 1968 – Prague Spring; Soviet crackdown.^[32]
• 1969
  • Jan Palach's self-immolation.
  • City becomes capital of the Czech Socialist Republic.
• 1970 – Prague Chamber Ballet [cs] founded.^[31]
• 1973 – 11 December: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Prague (1973).
• 1974
  • Prague Metro founded.
  • Population: 1,095,615.^[33]
• 1978 – Charles Bridge pedestrianized.^{[citation needed]}
• 1985 - Population: 1,190,576 (estimate).^[34]
• 1989 – November–December: Velvet Revolution.^[35]
• 1990 – City divided into 56 districts.
• 1991
  • School of International Relations, University of Economics in Prague established.
  • Prager Zeitung German-language newspaper begins publication.
  • Prague Metronome erected.
• 1992
  • Žižkov Television Tower erected.
  • Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic headquartered in city.
• 1993 – 1 January: Prague becomes capital of the Czech Republic.^[6]
• 1995 – U.S. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty headquartered in city.^[36]
• 1996
  • City hosts World Congress of Esperanto; manifesto drafted.
  • Dancing House built.
• 1997 – Via Foundation headquartered in city.
• 1998 – University of New York in Prague established.
• 1999 - Prague Mosque built.^[37]

21st century

• 2001 – Prague Fringe Festival begins.
• 2002
  • August: Prague suffers from flooding, parts of the city evacuated, many historic archives damaged but no major landmarks destroyed.^[36]
  • Broadway Theatre (Prague) opens.
  • Prague Security Studies Institute established.^[38]
  • November: City hosts NATO summit.
• 2007 – The Codex Gigas returns to Prague after 379 years
• 2008 - Prague Declaration.
• 2009 – 5 April: U.S. president gives speech on nuclear disarmament.^[39]
• 2010 – September: Economic protest.^[36]
• 2011 – Population: 1,262,106; metro 2,300,000.
• 2013
  • 29 April: 2013 Prague explosion.
  • Tomáš Hudeček becomes mayor.
• 2014 Adriana Krnáčová becomes mayor.

See also

• History of Prague
• List of mayors of Prague
• List of rulers of Bohemia, 9th-20th century, official residence in Prague
• Timelines of other cities in the Czech Republic: Brno

References

1. Britannica 1910.
2. World History Encyclopedia [21 volumes]: [21 volumes] Alfred J. Andrea Ph.D. p. 199
3. "Prague". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
4. C. Wolfsgruber (1913). "Archdiocese of Prague". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
5. Karl Hilgenreiner (1913). "University of Prague". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
6. Jiří Hochman (1998). Historical Dictionary of the Czech State. USAv: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3338-8.
7. Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum [in German] (1996). "The First Public Clocks". History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
8. Baedeker 1911.
9. Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Clocks". Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5.
10. Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 908, OL 5812502M
11. Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Prag". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450632 – via HathiTrust.
12. Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
13. "Brief History (timeline)", AI Topics, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, retrieved 30 April 2015
14. Franz A.J. Szabo (2013). "Chronology of Major Events". The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756-1763. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-88697-6.
15. Roger Parker, ed. (2001). Oxford Illustrated History of Opera. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-285445-2.
16. Mitchell G. Ash; Jan Surman, eds. (2012). The Nationalization of Scientific Knowledge in the Habsburg Empire, 1848-1918. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-28987-1.
17. Gyorgy Kover (1992). "Austro-Hungarian Banking System". In Rondo Cameron; V.I. Bovykin (eds.). International Banking 1870-1914. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-534512-4.
18. Murray 1903.
19. Haydn 1910.
20. Richard L. Rudolph (1976). Banking and Industrialization in Austria-Hungary: The Role of Banks in the Industrialization of the Czech Crownlands, 1873-1914. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-08847-3.
21. Great Britain. Foreign Office (1880). "Austria-Hungary". Reports from Her Majesty's Consuls on the Manufactures, Commerce, &c. of Their Consular Districts. London: Harrison and Sons.
22. Chambers 1901.
23. Lützow 1902.
24. Statistisches Handbuch 1897.
25. "Austria-Hungary-Czecho-Slovakia". International Banking Directory. Bankers Publishing Company. 1920.
26. Miles Glendinning (2013). The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-49999-6.
27. "Austria-Hungary: Austria". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
28. "Movie Theaters in Prague, Czech Republic". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 23 January 2014.
29. Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
30. "European Festivals Association". Gent, Belgium. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
31. Vladimir Vasut (1994). "Czech Republic". In Don Rubin; et al. (eds.). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. pp. 196–210. ISBN 9780415251570.
32. Eric Roman (2003). "Chronologies: Czechoslovakia: People's Republic 1943-1993". Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: a Reference Guide. Facts on File. p. 622+. ISBN 978-0-8160-7469-3.
33. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
34. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289. Praha{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
35. "Global Nonviolent Action Database". Pennsylvania, USA: Swarthmore College. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
36. "Czech Republic Profile: Timeline". BBC News. March 2012. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
37. Jørgen S. Nielsen; et al., eds. (2009). Yearbook of Muslims in Europe. Vol. 1. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-17505-1.
38. "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
39. "Country Profiles: United States: Nuclear". USA: Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 30 March 2015.

Bibliography

in English

• Abraham Rees (1819), "Prague", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Prague". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Prague". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 4. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
• David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Prague", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030647005
• "Prague", Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany and Austria, London: W.J. Adams & Sons, 1896
• Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Prague", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
• "Prague". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Francis Lützow (1902), Prague, Mediaeval Towns, London: J.M. Dent & Co., OCLC 150311124
• "Prague". Handbook for Travellers in South Germany and Austria (15th ed.). London: J. Murray. 1903.
• "Prague", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 10, New York, 1907, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752854{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Lützow, Count František (1910). "Prague" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). pp. 248–250.
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Prague", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
• "Prague", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
• Geoffrey Moorhouse (1980), Prague, Great Cities, Time-Life Books, OL 20601092M
• Rob Humphreys (1992), Prague, London: Rough Guides, OL 24217161M
• Prague City Guide, Lonely Planet, 1994, OL 8314510M
• Agata Anna Lisiak (2010). Urban Cultures in (Post)colonial Central Europe. Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-573-3. (about Berlin, Budapest, Prague, Warsaw)

in Czech

• Edvard Herold (1884). Malebné cesty po Praze [Picturesque Walks through Prague] (in Czech). Praze: Tiskem a nákladem E. Grégra. v.2, Malá Strana, 1896
• Václav Vladivoj Tomek [in Czech] (1892), Dějepis města Prahy [History of the Town of Prague], Prague. Naródní Museum / Spisy (in Czech), V Praze: Nákl. knihkupectví Fr. Řivnáče
• Jan Dolenský (1903), Praha ve své sláv i utrpení [Prague in Good Times and Bad] (in Czech), V Praze: Nakladatel B. Kocí, OL 23326708M

in German

• "Prag". Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae. Topographia Germaniae (in German). 1650.
• "Prag", Wien [Vienna ... and parts of Austria-Hungary], Meyers Reisebücher (in German), Hildburghausen: Bibliographisches Institut, 1873
• Statistická Komise, Prague (1900). Statistisches Handbuch der königlichen Hauptstadt Prague ... 1897 [Statistical Handbook for the City of Prague ... 1897] (in German). Prag.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• O. Klauber, ed. (1902). Prag und Umgebungen [Prague and Surroundings] (in German) (12th ed.). Berlin: Albert Goldschmidt.

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Prague, various dates.