Noccaea caerulescens

Noccaea caerulescens (previously Thlaspi caerulescens),^[1] the alpine penny-cress^[2] or alpine pennygrass, is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae. It is found in Scandinavia and Europe.

Noccaea caerulescens
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Brassicales
Family:	Brassicaceae
Genus:	Noccaea
Species:	N. caerulescens
Binomial name
Noccaea caerulescens (J.Presl & C.Presl) F.K.Mey.
Synonyms
List Thlaspi alpestre (L.) L. Thlaspi alpestre Vill. Thlaspi alpestre var. tunense C.G.Westerl. Thlaspi caerulescens J.Presl & C.Presl Crucifera coerulescens (J.Presl & C.Presl) E.H.L.Krause Noccaea occitanica (J.Presl & C.Presl) F.K.Mey. Noccaea brachypetala (Jord.) F.K.Mey. Thlaspi alpestre subsp. brachypetalum (Jord.) Thlaspi brachypetalum Jord. Noccaea salisii (Brügger) F.K.Mey. Pterotropis lereschii Fourr. Thlaspi arnaudiae Jord. ex Boreau Thlaspi brachypetalum subsp. salisii (Brügger) O.Schwarz Thlaspi brachypetalum proles salticola (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud Thlaspi brachypetalum proles verlotii (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud Thlaspi nemoricola Jord. Thlaspi perfoliatum subsp. virgatum (Godr.) Bonnier & Layens Thlaspi rhaeticum Jord. Thlaspi salisii Brügger Thlaspi salticola Jord. Thlaspi suecicum Jord. Thlaspi sylvestre proles arnaudiae (Jord. ex Boreau) Rouy & Foucaud Thlaspi verlotii Jord. Thlaspi virgatum Godr. Thlaspi vulcanorum Lamotte

Description

Noccaea caerulescens is a low biennial or perennial plant that has small basal rosettes of stalked elliptic–lanceolate leaves with entire margins. The one or more flowering stems have small stalkless, alternate leaves clasping the stem. The inflorescence is a dense raceme which continues to lengthen after flowering. The individual flowers are regular, with white or pinkish petals and are about 5 mm (0.2 in) wide. Each has four sepals, four petals, six stamens (four long and two short) with violet anthers, and a single carpel. The fruit is many-seeded and narrowly spatulate and has a notched tip. This plant flowers in late spring.^[3]

Distribution and habitat

In Europe it is found in Finland and Sweden, in all but the most northerly regions. It is also found in the Alps, the Massif Central, the Pyrenees, eastern Norway, southern Germany, and northern England.^[4] It is a plant of dry hillside meadows, forest margins, banks, gardens, lawns, pastures, field margins, yards and bare places.^[3]

Phytoremediation

Alpine pennycress has been cited in phytoremediation to have special phytoextractional properties and is known to absorb cadmium with very good results and in certain instances is said to have absorbed zinc as well.^[5] Leaves accumulate up to 380 mg/kg Cd.^[6]

References

1. "British Wild Plant: Noccaea caerulescens Alpine Penny-cress". www.ukwildflowers.com. Retrieved 2024-02-24.
2. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
3. "Alpine Pennycress". NatureGate. Retrieved 2013-12-24.
4. "Backskärvfrö". Den virtuella flora. Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. 25 October 2004. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
5. Comis, D. (2000). "Phytoremediation: using plants to clean up soils". Agricultural Research. Retrieved 4 March 2006.
6. M.B.Kirkham (2006). "Review:Cadmium in Plants on Polluted Soils: Effects of Soil Factors, Hyperaccumulation, and Amendments". Geoderma. 137: 19–32. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.08.024.