Taygeta
Triple star system in the constellation Taurus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Taygeta is a double star in the constellation of Taurus and a member of the Pleiades open star cluster (M45).
| Observation data Epoch J2000.0 Equinox J2000.0 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Taurus |
| Right ascension | 03h 45m 12.49578s[1] |
| Declination | +24° 28′ 02.2097″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 4.30[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | subgiant[3] |
| Spectral type | B6IV[4] + ?[5] |
| U−B color index | −0.48[6] |
| B−V color index | −0.12[6] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 10.1[7] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: +21.24±0.38[1] mas/yr Dec.: −40.56±0.35[1] mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 7.97±0.33 mas[1] |
| Distance | 410 ± 20 ly (125 ± 5 pc) |
| Details | |
| Taygeta | |
| Mass | 4.41±0.09[8] M☉ |
| Radius | 4.36±0.14[8] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 600[9] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 3.772±0.113[8] cgs |
| Temperature | 13,696±222[8] K |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 105±16[8] km/s |
| 19 Tauri Ab | |
| Mass | 3.2[9] M☉ |
| Luminosity | 150[9] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.2[8] cgs |
| Temperature | 8,306[8] K |
| Other designations | |
| q Tauri, 19 Tauri, HR 1145, HD 23338, BD+24°547, HIP 17531, SAO 76140, GC 4486, BDS 1848, CCDM 03452+2429[10] | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
It consists of a binary pair designated 19 Tauri A together with a single star visual companion, 19 Tauri B. 'A's' two components are themselves designated 19 Tauri Aa (officially named Taygeta /teɪˈɪdʒətə/,[11] the traditional name for the entire system)[12] and Ab.
Based on parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, Taygeta is approximately 410 light-years from the Sun.
Nomenclature
19 Tauri is the system's Flamsteed designation. It also bears the little-used Bayer designation q Tauri. The designations of the two constituents as 19 Tauri A and B, and those of A's components - 19 Tauri Aa and Ab - derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).[13]
The system bore the traditional name Taygeta (or Taygete).[14] Taygete was one of the Pleiades sisters in Greek mythology. In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[15] to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Taygeta for the component 19 Tauri Aa on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[12]
Properties
Taygeta has an apparent magnitude of +4.30 and presents as a blue-white B-type subgiant. It has been used as a standard star for that spectral type.[4] It is a spectroscopic binary, whose component stars have magnitudes of +4.6 and +6.1. They are separated by 0.012 arcseconds and complete one orbit every 1313 days. The subgiant primary is one of just a handful of stars in the young Pleiades cluster that have evolved away from the main sequence.[3]
The 8th magnitude visual companion, 19 Tauri B, is 69 arcseconds away. It is thought to be a yellow star somewhat more massive and larger than the Sun, and further away than the Pleiades cluster.[16]
Taygeta was once reported to be variable,[17] but has since been measured to be very nearly constant.[18][19]
References
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