Tayshet

Tayshet (Russian: Тайшет, IPA: [tɐjˈʂɛt], lit. cold river in the Kott language) is a town and the administrative center of Tayshetsky District in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located 669 kilometers (416 mi) northwest of Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 35,485 (2010 Census);^[5] 38,535 (2002 Census);^[10] 42,391 (1989 Soviet census).^[11]

Tayshet Тайшет
Town[1]
Tayshet
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Tayshet
Tayshet Location of Tayshet Show map of Russia Tayshet Tayshet (Irkutsk Oblast) Show map of Irkutsk Oblast
Coordinates: 55°57′N 98°01′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Irkutsk Oblast[1]
Administrative district	Tayshetsky District[2]
Founded	1897[3]
Town status since	1938[3]
Government
• Head[4]	Alexander Zaika[4]
Elevation	320 m (1,050 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[5]
• Total	35,485
Administrative status
• Capital of	Tayshetsky District[6]
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Tayshetsky Municipal District[7]
• Urban settlement	Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement[7]
• Capital of	Tayshetsky Municipal District,[7] Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement[7]
Time zone	UTC+8 (MSK+5 [8])
Postal code(s)[9]	664802, 665000–665006, 665008–665010
Dialing code(s)	+7 39563
OKTMO ID	25636101001
Website	gorodtaishet.ru

History

It was founded in 1897 as a supply point and station on the Trans-Siberian Railway and was granted town status in 1938.^[3]

During the 1930s–1950s, Tayshet was the center of administration for gulag labor camps Ozerlag and Angarstroy. Construction of the first section of the Baikal–Amur Mainline started in 1937 and was managed from here. According to some survivor accounts, between Tayshet and Bratsk there is "a dead man under every sleeper." Along with Japanese prisoners from the Kwantung Army, German prisoners of war formed a large proportion of the forced labor contingent, generally under a 25-year sentence, such as Dietrich von Saucken. Surviving German POWs were repatriated in autumn of 1955, after West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's visit to Moscow.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tayshet serves as the administrative center of Tayshetsky District,^[6] to which it is directly subordinated.^[2] As a municipal division, the town of Tayshet is incorporated within Tayshetsky Municipal District as Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement.^[7]

Geography

The town is located 669 kilometers (416 mi) northwest of Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast.

Climate

Tayshet has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) bordering on a humid continental climate with warm, humid summers and severely cold, drier winters. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −18.9 °C (−2.0 °F) in January to 18.4 °C (65.1 °F). Sunshine is generous and the area receives 2,150 hours of bright sunshine annually.

Climate data for Tayshet (1929−2012)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	6.9 (44.4)	9.9 (49.8)	17.0 (62.6)	27.8 (82.0)	33.6 (92.5)	36.2 (97.2)	36.3 (97.3)	35.7 (96.3)	32.3 (90.1)	24.6 (76.3)	13.9 (57.0)	9.0 (48.2)	36.3 (97.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−13.9 (7.0)	−10.0 (14.0)	−1.6 (29.1)	6.9 (44.4)	15.7 (60.3)	22.7 (72.9)	24.7 (76.5)	21.5 (70.7)	14.5 (58.1)	5.6 (42.1)	−5.3 (22.5)	−12.7 (9.1)	5.8 (42.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−18.9 (−2.0)	−16.2 (2.8)	−8.1 (17.4)	1.2 (34.2)	9.0 (48.2)	15.9 (60.6)	18.4 (65.1)	15.2 (59.4)	8.3 (46.9)	0.6 (33.1)	−9.8 (14.4)	−17.3 (0.9)	0.0 (32.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−24.0 (−11.2)	−22.0 (−7.6)	−14.3 (6.3)	−3.8 (25.2)	2.5 (36.5)	9.0 (48.2)	11.8 (53.2)	9.2 (48.6)	3.2 (37.8)	−3.5 (25.7)	−14.1 (6.6)	−22.1 (−7.8)	−5.5 (22.1)
Record low °C (°F)	−50.0 (−58.0)	−47.8 (−54.0)	−41.8 (−43.2)	−28.5 (−19.3)	−10.3 (13.5)	−5.3 (22.5)	−0.5 (31.1)	−3.9 (25.0)	−10.2 (13.6)	−32.6 (−26.7)	−47.2 (−53.0)	−48.9 (−56.0)	−50.0 (−58.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	16.5 (0.65)	12.9 (0.51)	12.6 (0.50)	22.5 (0.89)	35.2 (1.39)	48.9 (1.93)	74.4 (2.93)	73.8 (2.91)	45.4 (1.79)	33.1 (1.30)	25.9 (1.02)	22.6 (0.89)	423.8 (16.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	15.8	12.4	10.6	11.4	12.8	12.6	12.6	14.1	13.2	14.3	16.6	17.2	163.6
Average relative humidity (%)	79.9	75.6	66.8	61.0	56.9	67.0	74.0	76.7	73.7	74.6	78.2	80.9	72.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours	74	117	195	224	263	295	293	249	169	110	66	49	2,104
Source: climatebase.ru

Transportation

Tayshet railway station is a major railway junction. Here the Baikal–Amur Mainline begins, branching northeast from the Trans-Siberian Railway. This is also where the Abakan-Taishet Railway ends. The town is also on the M53 Highway (Moscow to Irkutsk).

References

Notes

1. Charter of Irkutsk Oblast
2. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast
3. "General Information" (in Russian). Irkutsk Oblast. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
4. Official website of Tayshet (in Russian)
5. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
6. Law #49-OZ
7. Law #100-oz
8. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
9. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
10. Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
11. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.

Sources

• Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Постановление №9/5-ЗС от 15 апреля 2009 г. «Устав Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №2-У от 14 декабря 2017 г. «О поправках к Уставу Иркутской области». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Областная", №45, 24 апреля 2009 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Resolution #9/5-ZS of April 15, 2009 Charter of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #2-U of December 14, 2017 On the Amendments to the Charter of Irkutsk Oblast. Effective as of the day following a ten-day period after the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Закон №49-ОЗ от 21 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №12-ОЗ от 23 марта 2017 г. «О внесении изменений в статьи 25 и 33 Закона Иркутской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Иркутской области" и Закон Иркутской области "О порядке рассмотрения Законодательным Собранием Иркутской области предложений о присвоении наименований географическим объектам и (или) о переименовании географических объектов"». Вступил в силу после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Областная", №71, 25 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Law #49-OZ of June 21, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #12-OZ of March 23, 2017 On Amending Articles 25 and 33 of the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Irkutsk Oblast" and the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Procedures for Consideration of Assignments of Names to Geographical Objects and (or) Renaming of Geographical Objects". Effective as of after the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное Собрание Иркутской области. Закон №100-оз от 16 декабря 2004 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Тайшетского района Иркутской области», в ред. Закона №83-ОЗ от 31 октября 2013 г. «О распространении действия Закона Иркутской области "О статусе и границах муниципальных образований Тайшетского района Иркутской области" на всю территорию нового субъекта Российской Федерации — Иркутской области и внесении в него изменений». Вступил в силу с 31 декабря 2004 г., но не ранее чем через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Восточно-Сибирская правда", №254–255, 20 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Irkutsk Oblast. Law #100-oz of December 16, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tayshetsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #83-OZ of October 31, 2013 On Expanding the Scope of the Law of Irkutsk Oblast "On the Status and Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tayshetsky District of Irkutsk Oblast" to the Whole Territory of the New Federal Subject of the Russian Federation—Irkutsk Oblast—and on Amending It. Effective as of December 31, 2004, but not earlier than 10 days after the official publication date.).
• Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast (in Russian)

External links

• Official website of Tayshet (in Russian)
• Unofficial website of Tayshet (in Russian)