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1913-1915 U.S. Congress From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 63rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1913, to March 4, 1915, during the first two years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.
| 63rd United States Congress | |
|---|---|
62nd ← → 64th | |
United States Capitol (1906) | |
March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915 | |
| Members | 96 senators 435 representatives 5 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | Democratic |
| Senate President | Thomas R. Marshall (D) |
| House majority | Democratic |
| House Speaker | Champ Clark (D) |
| Sessions | |
| Special: March 4, 1913 – March 17, 1913 1st: April 7, 1913 – December 1, 1913 2nd: December 1, 1913 – October 24, 1914 3rd: December 7, 1914 – March 3, 1915 | |
The Democrats had greatly increased their majority in the House, and won control of the Senate, giving them full control of Congress for the first time since the 53rd Congress in 1893. With Woodrow Wilson being sworn in as president on March 4, 1913, this gave the Democrats an overall federal government trifecta - also for the first time since the 53rd Congress.
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Bull Moose (Prog.) | Republican (R) | |||
| End of previous congress | 45 | 0 | 50 | 95 | 1 |
| Begin | 49 | 1 | 42 | 92 | 4 |
| End | 53 | 96 | 0 | ||
| Final voting share | 55.2% | 1.0% | 43.8% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 56 | 0 | 40 | 96 | 0 |
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Bull Moose (Prog.) | Independent (I) | Republican (R) | Other | |||
| End of previous congress | 225 | 0 | 0 | 156 | 1[a] | 382 | 12 |
| Begin | 289 | 10 | 1 | 134 | 0 | 434 | 1 |
| End | 282 | 11 | 130 | 424 | 11 | ||
| Final voting share | 66.5% | 2.6% | 0.2% | 30.7% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 230 | 5 | 1 | 194 | 2[b] | 432 | 3 |
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Most senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. A few senators were elected directly by the residents of the state. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1914; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1916; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1918.
| House seats by party holding plurality in state | |
|---|---|
80+% to 100% Democratic |
80+% to 100% Republican |
60+% to 80% Democratic |
60+% to 80% Republican |
Up to 60% Democratic |
Up to 60% Republican |
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State | Senator | Reason for vacancy | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Hampshire (2) |
Vacant | Elected late. | Henry F. Hollis (D) | March 13, 1913 |
| Illinois (2) |
Vacant | Due to US Sen.Lorimer scandal, general assembly refused to seat elected Senator at beginning of term. Compromise was later reached with Governor of Illinois to seat senator to replace Lorimer after another election was called. | J. Hamilton Lewis (D) | March 26, 1913 |
| Illinois (3) |
Vacant | Due to US Sen.Lorimer scandal, general assembly refused to seat elected Senator at beginning of term. Compromise was later reached with Governor of Illinois to seat senator who supported Sen Lorimer. | Lawrence Y. Sherman (R) | March 26, 1913 |
| West Virginia (2) |
Vacant | Elected to seat at beginning of term but delayed installation to continue as judge of U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit | Nathan Goff Jr. (R) | April 1, 1913 |
| Alabama (3) |
Joseph F. Johnston (D) | Died August 8, 1913. Successor was appointed to finish term. | Francis S. White (D) | May 11, 1914 |
| Maryland (1) |
William P. Jackson (R) | Successor was elected. | Blair Lee (D) | January 28, 1914 |
| Georgia (2) |
Augustus O. Bacon (D) | Died February 14, 1914. Successor was appointed. | William S. West (D) | March 2, 1914 |
| Kentucky (3) |
William O. Bradley (R) | Died May 23, 1914. Successor was appointed and subsequently elected. | Johnson N. Camden Jr. (D) | June 16, 1914 |
| Georgia (2) |
William S. West (D) | Successor was elected. | Thomas W. Hardwick (D) | November 4, 1914 |
| District | Vacated by | Reason for vacancy | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina 1st | Vacant | Rep. George S. Legaré died during previous congress | Richard S. Whaley (D) | April 29, 1913 |
| Massachusetts 13th | John W. Weeks (R) | Resigned March 4, 1913, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | John J. Mitchell (D) | April 15, 1913 |
| Texas 10th | Albert S. Burleson (D) | Resigned March 6, 1913, after being appointed United States Postmaster General | James P. Buchanan (D) | April 15, 1913 |
| New Jersey 6th | Lewis J. Martin (D) | Died May 5, 1913 | Archibald C. Hart (D) | July 22, 1913 |
| Michigan 12th | H. Olin Young (R) | Resigned May 16, 1913, while election was being contested | William J. MacDonald (Prog.) | August 26, 1913 |
| Maine 3rd | Forrest Goodwin (R) | Died May 28, 1913 | John A. Peters (R) | September 9, 1913 |
| Maryland 3rd | George Konig (D) | Died May 31, 1913 | Charles P. Coady (D) | November 4, 1913 |
| West Virginia 1st | John W. Davis (D) | Resigned August 29, 1913, after being appointed Solicitor General of the United States | Matthew M. Neely (D) | October 14, 1913 |
| New York 13th | Timothy Sullivan (D) | Died August 31, 1913 | George W. Loft (D) | November 4, 1913 |
| New York 20th | Francis B. Harrison (D) | Resigned September 1, 1913, after being appointed Governor-General of the Philippines | Jacob A. Cantor (D) | November 4, 1913 |
| Massachusetts 3rd | William Wilder (R) | Died September 11, 1913 | Calvin Paige (R) | November 4, 1913 |
| Georgia 2nd | Seaborn Roddenbery (D) | Died September 25, 1913 | Frank Park (D) | November 4, 1913 |
| Iowa 2nd | Irvin S. Pepper (D) | Died December 22, 1913 | Henry Vollmer (D) | February 10, 1914 |
| Massachusetts 12th | James Michael Curley (D) | Resigned February 4, 1914, after being elected Mayor of Boston | James A. Gallivan (D) | April 7, 1914 |
| New Jersey 7th | Robert G. Bremner (D) | Died February 5, 1914 | Dow H. Drukker (R) | April 7, 1914 |
| Alabama 8th | William N. Richardson (D) | Died March 31, 1914 | Christopher C. Harris (D) | May 11, 1914 |
| Alabama 3rd | Henry D. Clayton Jr. (D) | Resigned May 25, 1914, after being appointed judge for U.S. District Court for Middle and Northern Districts of Alabama | William O. Mulkey (D) | June 29, 1914 |
| Missouri 12th | Leonidas C. Dyer (R) | Lost contested election June 9, 1914 | Michael J. Gill (D) | June 9, 1914 |
| Illinois 4th | James T. McDermott (D) | Resigned July 21, 1914 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Ohio 14th | William G. Sharp (D) | Resigned July 23, 1914, after being appointed United States Ambassador to France | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Massachusetts 11th | Andrew J. Peters (D) | Resigned August 15, 1914, after being appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Massachusetts 10th | William F. Murray (D) | Resigned September 28, 1914, after being appointed Postmaster of Boston | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Maryland 1st | J. Harry Covington (D) | Resigned September 30, 1914, after being appointed to serve as chief justice of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia | Jesse Price (D) | November 3, 1914 |
| New Jersey 9th | Walter I. McCoy (D) | Resigned October 3, 1914, after being appointed associate justice for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia | Richard W. Parker (R) | December 1, 1914 |
| Georgia 10th | Thomas W. Hardwick (D) | Resigned November 2, 1914, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | Carl Vinson (D) | November 3, 1914 |
| New York 36th | Sereno E. Payne (R) | Died December 10, 1914 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| New York 31st | Edwin A. Merritt (R) | Died December 14, 1914 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| New York 2nd | Denis O'Leary (D) | Resigned December 31, 1914 | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Minnesota 2nd | Winfield Scott Hammond (D) | Resigned January 6, 1915, after being elected Governor of Minnesota | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Ohio 5th | Timothy T. Ansberry (D) | Resigned January 9, 1915, after being appointed associate justice of the Ohio Court of Appeals | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| Ohio 8th | Frank B. Willis (R) | Resigned January 9, 1915, after being elected Governor of Ohio | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
| New Jersey 8th | Eugene F. Kinkead (D) | Resigned February 4, 1915, after becoming sheriff of Hudson County, New Jersey | Seat remained vacant until next Congress | |
Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
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