Henry St John Halford

Sir Henry St John Halford, 3rd Baronet (9 August 1828 – 4 January 1897) was an English landowner and expert rifleman.^[1]

Sir Henry St John Halford Companion of the Bath
Born	(1828-08-09)August 9, 1828
Died	January 4, 1897(1897-01-04) (aged 68) Wistow Hall, Leicestershire
Education	Merton College, Oxford, BA, 1849
Known for	Marksmanship & development of firearms
Office	High Sheriff of Leicestershire Chairman of Leicestershire County Council Honorary Colonel, Leicestershire Volunteer Chairman of National Rifle Association
Spouse	Elizabeth Ursula Bagshawe
Parents	Sir Henry Halford, 2nd Baronet (father) Barbara Vaughan (mother)

Life

He was born the son of Sir Henry Halford, 2nd Baronet, MP for Leicestershire South, whom he succeeded in 1868. He was educated at Eton College and Merton College, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. in 1849. On his father's death he inherited Wistow Hall in Leicestershire, where he thereafter lived.^[1]

In 1860 he took command of a company of the Leicestershire volunteers, becoming colonel of the battalion in 1862. He held the office, with a 10-year break, until 1891, when he was made honorary colonel. In 1886, he was awarded C.B.^[1]

He was picked High Sheriff of Leicestershire for 1872, and in 1889 was appointed the first Chairman of Leicestershire County Council, a post he held until 1893.^[1]

Halford's main interest was rifle shooting and the development of rifle technology. In its obituary, The Times of London dubbed Halford “the father of rifle-shooting”,^[2] noting:

Sir Henry, as he was always called, was perhaps never absolutely the best shot of his generation; a title which could have been claimed, for all-round shooting, by the famous Ross, by Mr. Humphry, and by Captain Gibbs in succession. But, not excepting Mr. Baker and Mr. Wyatt, both of whom have breaks in their shooting history, no man could claim so long and steadily successful a career as Sir Henry Halford.

— "Death of Sir Henry Halford", The Times (5 January 1897)

He was an excellent shot and won several tournaments. In 1877 and 1882 he was captain of a team of eight who shot against an American team at Creedmoor Rifle Range in New York.^[2] Halford also took part in the Creedmoor match in 1883. He was for many years Chairman of the National Rifle Association.^[1]

He was also a member of the government Small Arms Committee which recommended the adoption in the Army of the Lee-Metford rifle. Sir Henry had worked closely with engineer William Ellis Metford, inventor of the rifle, establishing a workshop and firing range at Wistow Hall to help with the experimental work.^[1] Another collaborator on the project was his friend Thomas Fremantle, 3rd Baron Cottesloe, who was also an expert shot. The team made significant improvements in rifling and bullet design.^[3]

Family

Halford married Elizabeth Ursula, daughter of William John Bagshawe but had no children. The baronetcy thereby passed briefly to his brother John Frederick, who died later the same year. Sir Henry left Wistow Hall in his will to Baron Cottesloe, whose descendants still own the property.^[1]

References

1. Doyle, John Andrew (1901). "Halford, Henry St. John" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography (1st supplement). Vol. 2. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
2. "Death of Sir Henry Halford". The Times. 5 January 1897. Archived from the original on 17 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
3. "History of Wistow". Wistow Hall. Archived from the original on 22 October 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2015.

Further reading

• Doyle, J. A.; Lock, Julian. "Halford, Sir Henry St John, third baronet (1828–1897)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/11920. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
• Research Press Biographical articles - Henry Halford

Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Henry Halford	Baronet (of Wistow) 1868–1897	Succeeded by John Halford