Francis Humphrys

For the Irish politician, see Francis Humphreys.

Lieutenant Colonel Sir Francis Henry Humphrys, GCMG, GCVO, KBE, CIE^[1] (24 April 1879 – 28 August 1971) was a British cricketer, colonial administrator and diplomat.

Celebration of Iraq becoming member of the League of Nations, 6 October 1932. Baghdad. Sir Francis Humphrys, British Ambassador, taking leave of the King's Chamberlain at the Palace

Early life and cricket

Francis Henry Humphrys was born in Shropshire, at Beatrice Street, Oswestry, where his father was assistant master at Oswestry School. He was educated at Shrewsbury School, where he was captain of cricket and head of the school, and Christ Church, Oxford, where he played first-class cricket for Oxford University. His first-class debut came against the touring Australians in 1899. He played 3 further first-class matches in 1900, the last coming against Sussex.^[2] In his 4 first-class matches, he took 13 wickets at a bowling average of 19.46, with best figures of 4/16.^[3] While at school, and later, he also played Minor Counties Championship cricket for Wiltshire.^[4]

Career

After graduating from Oxford in 1900, Humphrys joined the Worcestershire Regiment and served in the Second Boer War. Following the war he was in February 1902 seconded to the Indian Staff Corps,^[5] and in October the same year he left his regiment and was transferred to the Indian Army.^[6] He was seconded to the Political Service and spent most of this part of his career in the North-West Frontier Province, although in 1918, towards the end of the First World War he returned to Europe and served with a temporary commission in the newly formed Royal Air Force.^[7] In 1919 he returned to India, first as a political agent and then, in 1921, as deputy Foreign Secretary in the Government of India.

Following the Anglo-Afghan "Treaty of Kabul" of 22 November 1921,^[8] in early 1922 Humphrys was appointed the first British Minister to the Amir of Afghanistan, Amānullāh Khān.^[9][10] In November 1928 a rebellion began in Jalalabad and tribal forces marched on Kabul, and in early 1929 Humphrys supervised the evacuation by air of several hundred Europeans in what became known as the Kabul Airlift.^[11] In the House of Commons on 4 February the Foreign Secretary, Austen Chamberlain, commended both Humphrys and his wife for their "courage and fortitude".^[12] In the King's Birthday Honours of that year Humphrys was given the additional knighthood of Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George and Lady Humphrys was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire.^[13]

Later in 1929 Humphrys was appointed to be High Commissioner in the Kingdom of Iraq,^[14][15] then under British administration. Following the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty (1930), which Humphrys signed for the United Kingdom, on 3 October 1932 Iraq became an independent kingdom and Humphrys became the first British Ambassador to Iraq.^[16]

In 1935 Humphrys retired from the diplomatic service and was appointed chairman of a Sugar Tribunal,^[17] which resulted in the creation of the British Sugar Corporation, of which he was chairman from its formation from 1936 to 1949. He was also the director of several other companies and was the chairman of the Iraq Petroleum Company from 1941 to 1950.

Family

In 1907 Humphrys married Gertrude Mary Deane, known as "Gertie", elder daughter of Sir Harold Deane, Chief Commissioner of the North-West Frontier Province. They had a son and two daughters.

Humphrys died at a nursing home at Hamstead Marshall near Newbury, Berkshire in 1971, aged ninety-two. Lady Humphrys died in 1973.

Honours

Francis Humphrys was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the King's Birthday Honours of 1924,^[18] awarded the additional honours of Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order in 1928 and Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1929, and promoted to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George in the 1932 New Year Honours.^[19] Amānullāh Khān made him a member of the Nishan-i-Sardari (Order of the Leader), with the title of Sardar-i-ala, in 1928; the King of Iraq awarded him the Grand Cordon of the Wisam al-Rafidain (Order of the Two Rivers) in 1933.

See also

• 1929 in Afghanistan
• British Mandate of Iraq

References

1. "Extradition Treaty, signed at Bagdad, May 2, 1932, and Exchanges of Notes relating thereto" (PDF). United Nations Treaty Collection.
2. "First-Class Matches played by Francis Humphrys". CricketArchive. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
3. "First-class Bowling For Each Team by Francis Humphrys". CricketArchive. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
4. "Minor Counties Championship Matches played by Francis Humphrys". CricketArchive. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
5. "No. 27425". The London Gazette. 15 April 1902. p. 2505.
6. The London Gazette, 4 December 1903
7. The London Gazette, 10 January 1919
8. Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1921, Encyclopædia Iranica, 2011
9. The London Gazette, 7 February 1922
10. "Representatives of the Government of India and the British Government in Afghanistan, c.1856–1947". British Library. Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2008.
11. Back from Kabul – Sir F. Humphrys in India, The Times, London, 26 February 1929, page 16
12. Hansard, 4 February 1929
13. Supplement to the London Gazette, 3 June 1929
14. The London Gazette, 29 November 1929
15. "Iraq – Initial Contacts with the British". The British Empire – where the Sun never sets.
16. The London Gazette, 6 December 1932
17. Sugar Tribunal – Advice on Schemes of Amalgamation, The Times, London, 1 October 1935
18. Supplement to the London Gazette, 3 June 1924
19. Supplement to the London Gazette, 1 January 1932

External links

• Francis Humphrys at ESPNcricinfo
• Francis Humphrys at CricketArchive (subscription required) (archive)
• HUMPHRYS, Lt-Col Sir Francis Henry, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007
• Peter Sluglett, Humphrys, Sir Francis Henry (1879–1971), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, online edn, May 2006
• Sir Francis Humphrys – Distinguished career in Afghanistan and Iraq, The Times, London, 1 September 1971, page 14

Diplomatic posts
New office	Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to His Majesty the Amir of Afghanistan 1922–1929	Succeeded by Sir Richard Maconachie
Preceded by Sir Henry Dobbs	High Commissioner for Iraq and Commander-in-Chief therein 1929–1932	Independence of Iraq
New office	Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to His Majesty the King of Iraq 1932–1935	Succeeded by Sir Archibald Clark Kerr