Amanita crocea

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Amanita crocea

Amanita crocea, the saffron ringless amanita,[2] is a species of Amanita widely distributed in Europe. It is not recommended for consumption due to its similarity to poisonous species of the genus.

Quick Facts Saffron ringless amanita, Scientific classification ...
Saffron ringless amanita
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Amanita crocea from Commanster, Belgium
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Amanitaceae
Genus: Amanita
Species:
A. crocea
Binomial name
Amanita crocea
(Quél. in Bourd.) Singer ex Singer
Synonyms[1]
  • Orange Grisette
  • Amanita vaginata var. crocea Quél. 1898 [LEG; MB456911]
  • Amanitopsis crocea (Quél.) E.-J. Gilbert 1928 [LEG; MB251657]
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Quick Facts Mycological characteristics ...
Amanita crocea
Gills on hymenium
Cap is flat or convex
Hymenium is free
Stipe has a volva
Spore print is white
Ecology is mycorrhizal
Edibility is edible but not recommended
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Description

Summarize
Perspective
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Amanita crocea from Commanster, Belgium
  • Cap: The cap is free of rings with the volva and has a diameter of 5–10 centimetres (2–4 inches), yellow-orange in colour with an apricot tinge at the centre. It expands to become flat or sometimes convex at the umbo, a small raised central area.
  • Volva: Thick, white, at least 4–10 cm (1+12–4 in) wide, saffron orange or a little browner than that in colour in the centre when fresh and paler at the margin.
  • Gills: Gills are free and cream in mass (sometimes with a slight salmon or pinkish reflection, and 2–3± millimetres broad.)
  • Stem/stipe: The stem or stipe is 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long and 1–1.5 cm in diameter, tapering, decorated with paler fibrils in a "flame" pattern, with the decoration later becoming orange or brown-orange (darker than the underlying stipe surface) with a membranous sack-like volva at the base.
  • Spores: The white spores measure (8.0-) 9.4 - 11.8 (-18.8) x (7.5-) 8.5 - 11.0 (-16.0) μm.[3][4]

Similar species

A. fulva in Bergen, Norway, and A. caesarea in Piacenza mountains

It is similar to Amanita fulva (orange-brown ringless amanita or tawny grisette) and A. caesarea (Caesar's mushroom), belonging to the Vaginatae and Caesareae sections of the Amanita genus, respectively.

The edible tawny grisette is a basidiomycete mushroom located in North America and Europe.[5] It is easily confused with the 'death cap', though is not as substantial. The structure is relatively flimsy and the hollow stem often breaks, even when handled very gently.[6] It has fibres on its stalk usually.[7]

The second similar species, the Caesar's mushroom, is the type species (a species to which the name of a genus is permanently linked) of the Caesareae section of the genus Amanita. It has a distinctive orange cap, yellow gills and stem. Similar orange-capped species occur in North America and India.[8][9]

Ecology

The fungi can occur infrequently between July and October in mycorrhizal with hardwood trees, particularly birch and beech in clearings. Its odour is sweet-smelling and it has a mildly nutty sweet taste.[10] It has also been reported from Iran.[11]

Uses

While edible, guides advise not to eat it as many similar-looking Amanitas are very poisonous.[12]

See also

References

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