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Type of aircraft From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Ryan M-1 was a mail plane produced in the United States in the 1920s, the first original design built by Ryan.[2] It was a conventional gear parasol-wing monoplane with two open cockpits in tandem and fixed, tailskid undercarriage.[3]
| M-1 and M-2 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Original Ryan M-1 NC2073 in Pacific Air Transport markings in the Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum, Creve Coeur airport, Missouri. | |
| Role | Mailplane |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Ryan |
| Designer | Hawley Bowlus, W A Mankey, John Northrop[1] |
| First flight | 14 February 1926 |
| Status | two airworthy in 2009 |
| Number built | 36 |
The follow-on M-2 was substantially the same as the M-1.[2] The prototype M-1 was originally powered by a Hispano-Suiza 8A, but production examples featured a variety of engines in the same general power range, with the Wright J-4B chosen for nine of the sixteen M-1s built,[2] and the prototype later refitted with this engine.[4]
According to Cassagneres, "Dimensions allowed for a front cockpit that could accommodate two passengers side by side, or one passenger and a sack of mail, or just mail sacks and no passenger. Dual controls were provided, so a passenger flying up front could get in some 'stick time' if he wished. The M-1 cowling had a feature that was to become almost a trademark on all subsequent Ryan models up to the ST. This was the distinctive 'engine-turning' or 'jeweling' effect achieved by burnishing the aluminum.[5]
A M-1 was flown in the 1926 Ford National Reliability Air Tour.[6]
Pacific Air Transport operated J-4B-powered M-1s and M-2s on their demanding Seattle–San Francisco–Los Angeles mail route,[7] while Hispano-Suiza-powered machines flew with Colorado Airways between Cheyenne and Pueblo[2] and Yukon Airways between Whitehorse and Dawson City.[7]
One M-2 (named Bluebird) was built with a fully enclosed cabin for the pilot and four passengers, foreshadowing Ryan's highly successful Brougham series.[7] The standard M-2, meanwhile, was Charles Lindbergh's first choice for his transatlantic flight.[8] His list of requirements for the aircraft soon made it apparent, however, that rather than modifying an M-2, it would be more effective to build an all-new design along the same general lines, which resulted in the Ryan NYP Spirit of St Louis.[8]
The M-1 prototype was restored to flying condition between 1980 and 1984 and is preserved in the Museum of Flight in Seattle.[3] The seventh aircraft is preserved in airworthy condition in Pacific Air Transport markings at the Historic Aircraft Restoration Museum at Creve Coeur airport, Missouri.[9] A replica of an M-1 using a small number of parts from serial number 11 was built by Andy King in 2001, powered by a Lycoming R-680 and also painted in Pacific Air Transport #7's scheme.[10] Serial number 11 is owned and faces a full restoration by John Norman, who crafted the most accurate reproduction of the Spirit of St. Louis ever built.[11][12] A replica M-1 is exhibited in the San Diego Air & Space Museum.[13]
Data from "Ryan M-1"
General characteristics
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