This is a list of rice cultivars, also known as rice varieties. There are several species of grain called rice.[1]Asian rice (Oryza sativa) is most widely known and most widely grown, with two major subspecies (indica and japonica) and over 40,000 varieties.[2] Also included in this list are varieties of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) and wild rice (genus Zizania).
Rice may vary in genetics, grain length, color, thickness, stickiness, aroma, growing method, and other characteristics, leading to many cultivars. For instance, over nine major rice cultivars exist to make sake alone.[3] The two subspecies of Asian rice, indica and japonica, can generally be distinguished by length and stickiness. Indica rice is long-grained and unsticky, while japonica is short-grained and glutinous.[4]
Rice can also be divided based on processing type into the two broad categories of brown and white. Brown rice is whole grain, with only the inedible hull of the seed removed, while white rice additionally has the bran and germ removed through the process of milling.[5] Milled rice may not necessarily actually be white in color; there are purple, black, and red variants of rice, which can be eaten whole grain or milled.
The cultivars listed in this article may vary in any number of these characteristics, and most can be eaten whole grain or milled (brown or white). However, there are often strong cultural preferences for one or the other, depending on variety and region.
Phka Khnhei (ផ្កាខ្ញី) – fragrant variety, phka meaning "flower"
Phkar Malis (ផ្កាម្លិះ) – Cambodia Jasmine Rice
Senchey Brand (សែនជ័យ ប្រេន) is a low glycemic index rice (GI=55), medium grain, photosensitive period, traditional seeds
Senkraob (សែនក្រអូប)
Won the National Best Rice Award in 2017 have been certified as Medium Glycemic Index (GI) of 62 based on rigorous testing performed by Temasek Polytechnic Glycemic Index Research Unit (GIRU)
There are possibly up to 82,700 varieties of rice extant in India, and of those more than 5000 were found in West Bengal. However, only 150 of them are commonly grown. Many are grown organically to compete with more modern cultivars. The Agricultural Training Centre of West Bengal exists to conserve and promote the use of folk rice varieties, including many listed below.[29]
Alai
Amkel
Antarbhet
Are emo
Adansilpa
Agarali
Agniban
Aguripak
Anshphal
Arabaihar
Arabaihar
Are hat Punko
Aroar
Asanliya
Bahurupi
Begun bichi
Bhaaluki
Bhaludubraj
Bhasa Kalmi
Bhasa manik
Birpana
Badamphul
Badshabhog
Bahdurbhog
Baigan monjia
Bakui
Balam
Balaramsal
Banglaptanai
Baranali
Barshalakshmi
Baskathi
Basmoti-370
Baspata
Bhimsal
Bhogdhan
Bhutia
Birahi
Birai
Bodimani
Chamarmani
Chamatkar
Chinakamini
Chandrakanata
Deko 2
Denta
Dheku
Dhundhuni
Dudheswar
Dudheswar Sundarban
Danaguri
Dandkhani
Dandsal
Danti
Dayalmadina
Debsundari
Dehradun Gandheswari
Desi Jarhan Baihar
Desidhan
Dhapa
Dharaial
Dhusari
Dolle Kartick
Dope
Dubraj
Dudheswar
Dudhkalma
Dwarkasal
Fulmugri
Gangabaru
Garikhajara
Geligeti
Ghios
Ghurghupaijam
Gitanjali
Gobindabhog
Gopalbhog
Goradhan
Janglijata
Haldichuri
Haludgati
Hamai
Hamilton
Harinkajli
Hatidhan
Hendebaihar
Heruajoha
HJP 110
HJP 72
HJP 73
HJP 77
HJP sahebbhog
HMT
Hogla
HP 203
Hamiltan
Hangara
Hormanona
Itanagar
Jawaful
jeeraful
Jalkamini
Jamainaru
Jasmine
Jata
Jhili
Jhinge sal
Jhingesal L
Jhuli
Jhulur
Jhumpuri
Jigiresamba
Jugal
Jabra
Jaldhapa
Jaldubi
JP 57
Jubri dhan
Kaleti
Kaloboro
Kumragore
Kabirajsal
Kabirajsal Odisha
Kaggavat
Khara
Kahndagiri
Kaika
Kalachipta
Kalalahi
Kalamdani
Kalodhan
Kalodhapa
Kalogoda
Kalojira
Kalonunia
Kaltura
Kalavat
Kaminibhog
Kamolsankari
Kanakchur
Kanchafulo
Kankri
Karigavole
Karikagga
Karni
Kasiphul
Kasuabinni
Katarangi
Kataribhog
Katki
Kendu Manjia
Kerala Sundar
Kesab sal
Khadwak
Kolajoha
Kolkiala pateni
Komol
Krishanabhog
Kuji Pateni
Kute Patnai
Laghu
Lakhsman sal
Lalbadshabhog
Lalbasmati
Laldhan Patela
Laldhapa
Lalgetu
Lalkalam
Lalsita
Lathisal
Lusri
Lalbahal
Laldhan
Lalsaru
Lalu
Langlamuthi
Lohoindi
Maiganguri
Malabati
Maliagiri
Marikhas
Meghi
Meghnad Dumru
Mohini 2
Motabaihar
Moulo
Machakanata
Madhumala
Malsiara
Marichsal
Markali
Mastaer patnai
Matidhan
Matla
Medi
Mehadi
Mohonbhog
Mugojai
Nagaland kalo
Nalipankhia
Nikkodan
Nivar
Nonakshitish
Nagaland
Nagalanmd Sada
Nageswari
Nagra patnai
Narayan 21
Narayan kamini
Narkelchari
Naryan Patnai
Neli emo
Orasal
P 64 From Meghalya
P 66 From Meghalaya
Pakistani Basmati
Pakri
Pankha Gura
Pari
Paru
Pateni
Patikalam
Patnai 23
Payti emo
Putkhalai
Parbal
Parimolsana
Phakirmoni
Pokali
Rabansal
Radhatilak
Radhuni pagal
Raghu sal
Ramchandrabhog
Ramigelli
Rangi Dhan
Rani akanda
Radha emo
Rahspanjar
Ramjiara
Ranikajal
Rupali
Rupsal
Sadagetu
Sabita
Sabraj
Sada Chenga
Sada Kalam
Safari
Salkele
Samba sole
Sapuri
Sararaj
Sarukala
Shatia
Shu Kalma
Silkote
Sita sal
Sitabhog
Siulee
Sole
Soler Pona
Sonalu
Sonasari
Srikamal
Sundari
Super sita
Talmugur
Tangar sal
Teranga
Thubi
Tilakkachari
Tulsa
Tulsibas
Tulsimanjari
Tulsmukul
Tilakasturi
Toragoda
Tulaipanji
Vogalaya
White Harisnakar
White ponny
In Indonesia, there are at least 45 varieties of rice for wet-field production (sawah) and 150 varieties of rice for dry-field production.[30]
ST24 Rice - Top 3 the world best rice awarded 2018
ST25 Rice - The 1st the world best rice awarded 2019
Cultivating in Sóc Trăng province - Mekong Delta Area (Southern Vietnam), researching and developing by Mr.Hồ Văn Cua (Agricultural Engineer) and his team.
Wissuwa, M.; Yano, M.; Ae, N. (October 1998). "Mapping of QTLs for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)". Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 97 (5–6): 777–783. doi:10.1007/s001220050955. S2CID25830334.