Ribosomal protein S6

Ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6 or eS6) is a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit and is therefore involved in translation. Mouse model studies have shown that phosphorylation of eS6 is involved in the regulation of cell size, cell proliferation, and glucose homeostasis.^[5][6][7]

RPS6
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4UG0, 4V6X, 5A2Q, 5AJ0, 4D5L, 4UJE, 5FLX, 4UJC, 3J7P, 4KZZ, 4UJD, 4KZY, 4D61, 3J7R, 4KZX
Identifiers
Aliases	RPS6, S6, ribosomal protein S6
External IDs	OMIM: 180460; MGI: 98159; HomoloGene: 85949; GeneCards: RPS6; OMA:RPS6 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 9 (human)[1] Band 9p22.1 Start 19,375,715 bp[1] End 19,380,236 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse)[2] Band 4|4 C4 Start 86,772,897 bp[2] End 86,775,649 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in skin of hip skin of thigh lactiferous duct gonad pylorus pancreatic ductal cell left ovary vulva germinal epithelium caput epididymis Top expressed in uterus thymus ovary embryo lens urinary bladder spleen ventricular zone embryo epiblast More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function structural constituent of ribosome protein binding protein kinase binding RNA binding Cellular component cell body cytosol ribosome membrane intracellular anatomical structure nucleolus small ribosomal subunit cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule nucleus nucleoplasm cytoplasm polysome cytosolic small ribosomal subunit dendrite perinuclear region of cytoplasm endoplasmic reticulum ribonucleoprotein complex Biological process viral transcription SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane TOR signaling positive regulation of apoptotic process translational initiation nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay protein biosynthesis G1 phase mitotic cell cycle placenta development T cell proliferation involved in immune response rRNA processing activation-induced cell death of T cells mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling gastrulation mammalian oogenesis stage T cell differentiation in thymus ribosomal small subunit biogenesis glucose homeostasis negative regulation of apoptotic process erythrocyte development G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6194 20104 Ensembl ENSG00000137154 ENSMUSG00000028495 UniProt P62753 P62754 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001010 NM_009096 RefSeq (protein) NP_001001 NP_033122 Location (UCSC) Chr 9: 19.38 – 19.38 Mb Chr 4: 86.77 – 86.78 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Studies show that the p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinases (S6K1 and S6K2) and p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinases (RSK) both phosphorylate eS6 and that S6K1 and S6K2 predominate this function.

Pathways leading to the induction of human eS6 phosphorylation have been found to enhance IL-8 protein synthesis. This mechanism is dependent on A/U-rich proximal sequences (APS) found in the 3'UTR of IL-8 immediately after the stop codon.^[8]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137154 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028495 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Ruvinsky I, Sharon N, Lerer T, Cohen H, Stolovich-Rain M, Nir T, et al. (September 2005). "Ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation is a determinant of cell size and glucose homeostasis". Genes & Development. 19 (18): 2199–211. doi:10.1101/gad.351605. PMC 1221890. PMID 16166381.
6. Ruvinsky I, Meyuhas O (June 2006). "Ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation: from protein synthesis to cell size". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 31 (6): 342–8. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2006.04.003. PMID 16679021.
7. Ruvinsky I, Katz M, Dreazen A, Gielchinsky Y, Saada A, Freedman N, et al. (May 2009). "Mice deficient in ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation suffer from muscle weakness that reflects a growth defect and energy deficit". PLOS ONE. 4 (5): e5618. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.5618R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005618. PMC 2682700. PMID 19479038.
8. Ang Z, Abdi Gunawan Koen R, Er JZ, Lee LT, Tam Kit Chung J, Guo H, Ding JL (2019). "Novel AU-rich proximal UTR sequences (APS) enhance CXCL8 synthesis upon the induction of rpS6 phosphorylation". PLOS Genet. 15 (4): e1008077. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008077. PMC 6476525. PMID 30969964.

External links

• Ribosomal+Protein+S6 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P62753 (Human 40S ribosomal protein S6) at the PDBe-KB.