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René Laforgue (5 November 1894 – 6 March 1962) was a French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst.
Laforgue was born in Thann (then part of the German Empire) and died in Paris. He studied medicine in Berlin.
Nazi
His collaboration, like Georges Mauco, with the Nazis over the Aryanisation of the society in Paris during the Occupation in World War Two cast something of a shadow over his later career. He organized himself with the active Nazi Matthias Göring, cousin of Hermann Göring, who was the propagator of aryan psychotherapy and aryan psychoanalysis, Nazi-oriented.
He was convicted during a purge trial after the Second World War. René Laforgue went into exile in Morocco to be forgotten in Casablanca, where he expresses mysticism and racism.[1]
In the year of his death, 1962, he was removed from the roster of training analysts by the International Psychoanalytical Association.[2]
Psychoanalysis
In 1919, he wrote a thesis on "The Affects in Schizophrenia Patients from a Psychoanalytical Point of View".[3] As his interest in psychoanalysis developed, he underwent a training analysis and began a correspondence with Sigmund Freud. In 1926, along with Marie Bonaparte and eight others, he founded the Paris Psychoanalytic Society.[4]
With his pupil G.Mauco, he meets Freud in Carlsbad, Czechoslovakia.[5] [6]
Laforgue is the author of several books on psychoanalysis, albeit more popularising than original;[7] as well as of a variety of articles on subjects ranging from the eroticization of fear in gambling,[8] through the development of the sense of reality, to such defense mechanisms as psychological repression and isolation.[9]
According to Roudinesco, however, he remained as much indebted intellectually to the French tradition of Pierre Janet and Henri Claude as to Freud;[10] and the tensions implicit in his competing allegiances contributed to his debate with Freud over the French introduction of the term scotomization. Initially welcomed as a description of the blocking of unpleasant perceptions in hysteria by Freud, the latter swiftly turned against it, arguing that Laforgue himself maintained "that 'scotomization' is a term that arises from descriptions of dementia praecox, which does not arise from a carrying over of psychoanalytic concepts".[11]
Despite their theoretical disagreement, the two men remained on friendly terms, Laforgue visiting the Freuds on occasion in the 1920s: he would in the 1950s write a memoir of them, which offers a rare glimpse of Martha Freud as "a practical woman, marvellously skillful in creating an atmosphere of peace and joie de vivre".[12]
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- Clinical Aspects of Psycho-Analysis. Hogarth Press, 1938
- The defeat of Baudelaire: A psycho-analytical study of the neurosis of Charles Baudelaire. Norwood Editions, 1978 (first edition - 1931 - in french)
Bibliography about him
- Alain de Mijolla, Freud et la France, 1885–1945, Presses Universitaires de France, 2010 (ISBN 2130545157)
- M.O. Poivet, René Laforgue. Sa place originale dans la naissance du mouvement psychanalytique français. (1978). dirigé par André Bourguignon (Université de Paris Val-de-Marne, Créteil).
- Martine Lilamand, René Laforgue, fondateur du mouvement psychanalytique français. Sa vie, son œuvre. (1980). dirigé par André Bourguignon (Université de Paris Val-de-Marne, Créteil).
- Jalil Bennani, La psychanalyse au pays des saints, Ed. Le Fennec, 1996
- Annick Ohayon : Psychologie et psychanalyse en France. L'impossible rencontre 1919–1969, Ed. La Découverte, 2006, ISBN 2707147796
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