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Rulers of the Kingdom and the Crown of Aragon From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in accordance with the will of King Sancho III (1004–35). In 1164, the marriage of the Aragonese princess Petronila (Kingdom of Aragon) and the Catalan count Ramon Berenguer IV (County of Barcelona) created a dynastic union from which what modern historians call the Crown of Aragon was born. In the thirteenth century the kingdoms of Valencia, Majorca and Sicily were added to the Crown, and in the fourteenth the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. The Crown of Aragon continued to exist until 1713 when its separate constitutional systems (Catalan Constitutions, Aragon Fueros, and Furs of Valencia) were swept away in the Nueva Planta decrees at the end of the War of the Spanish Succession.
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With the death of Sancho III of Pamplona, Aragon was inherited by his son Ramiro as an autonomous state.
| Name | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ramiro I February 1035 – 8 May 1063 | 1007 son of Sancho III of Pamplona and Sancha de Aybar | Ermesinda of Bigorre 22 August 1036 5 children | 8 May 1063 Graus |
| Sancho Ramírez (also King of Pamplona from 1076) 8 May 1063 – 4 June 1094 | 1042 son of Ramiro I of Aragon and Ermesinda of Bigorre | Isabella of Urgell 1065 1 child Felicia of Roucy 1076 3 children | 4 June 1094 Huesca aged 48 |
| Peter I (also King of Pamplona) 4 June 1094 – 28 September 1104 | 1068 son of Sancho Ramírez and Isabella of Urgell | Agnes of Aquitaine, Queen of Aragon and Navarre 1086 2 children Bertha of Aragon 1097 No children | 28 September 1104 Aran Valley aged 36 |
| Alfonso I (also King of Pamplona) 28 September 1104 – 8 September 1134 | 1073 son of Sancho Ramírez, King of Aragón and Navarre and Felicia of Roucy | Urraca of León 1109 No children | 8 September 1134 Huesca aged 61 |
| Ramiro II the Monk 8 September 1134 – 13 November 1137 | 24 April 1086 son of Sancho Ramírez, King of Aragón and Navarre and Felicia of Roucy | Agnes of Aquitaine 1 child | 16 August 1157 Huesca aged 71 |
| Petronilla 13 November 1137 – 18 July 1164 | 29 July 1136 Huesca daughter of Ramiro II of Aragon and Agnes of Aquitaine | Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona 11 August 1137 5 children | 16 October 1174 Barcelona aged 38 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alfonso II 18 July 1164 – 25 April 1196 |  | 1157 Huesca[1] son of Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Petronilla of Aragon | Sancha of Castile 7 children | 25 April 1196 Perpignan aged 44 |
| Peter II 25 April 1196 – 13 September 1213 |  | 1178 Huesca[2] son of Alfonso II and Sancha of Castile | Maria of Montpellier 15 June 1204 2 children | 12 September 1213 Battle of Muret aged approximately 35 |
| James I 13 September 1213 – 27 July 1276 |  | 2 February 1208 Montpellier son of Peter II and Maria of Montpellier | Eleanor of Castile 1221 1 child Violant of Hungary 1235 10 children Teresa Gil de Vidaure 2 children | 27 July 1276 Valencia aged 68 |
| Peter III 27 July 1276 – 2 November 1285 |  | 1240 Valencia son of James I and Violant of Hungary | Constance of Sicily 13 June 1262 6 children | 2 November 1285 Vilafranca del Penedès aged 45 |
| Alfonso III 2 November 1285 – 18 June 1291 |  | 1265 Valencia son of Peter III and Constance of Sicily | Eleanor of England 15 August 1290 No children | 18 June 1291 Barcelona aged 27 |
| James II 18 June 1291 – 2 November 1327 | .png) | 10 August 1267 Valencia son of Peter III and Constance of Sicily | Isabella of Castile 1 December 1291 No children Blanche of Anjou 29 October 1295 10 children Marie de Lusignan 15 June 1315 No children Elisenda de Montcada 25 December 1322 No children | 5 November 1327 Barcelona aged 60 |
| Alfonso IV 2 November 1327 – 24 January 1336 |  | 1299 Naples son of James II and Blanche of Anjou | Teresa d'Entença 1314 7 children Eleanor of Castile 2 children | 27 January 1336 Barcelona aged 37 |
| Peter IV 24 January 1336 – 5 January 1387 |  | 5 October 1319 Balaguer son of Alfonso IV and Teresa d'Entença | Maria of Navarre 1338 2 children Eleanor of Portugal 1347 No children Eleanor of Sicily 4 children | 5 January 1387 Barcelona aged 68 |
| John I 5 January 1387 – 19 May 1396 | _-_Monastery_of_Poblet_-_Catalonia_2014.JPG) | 27 December 1350 Perpignan son of Peter IV and Eleanor of Sicily | Martha of Armagnac 1 child Yolande of Bar 3 children | 19 May 1396 Foixà aged 46 |
| Martin 19 May 1396 – 31 May 1410 |  | 1356 Girona son of Peter IV and Eleanor of Sicily | Maria de Luna 13 June 1372 4 children Margaret of Prades 1409 No children | 31 May 1410 Barcelona aged 54 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferdinand I the Honest 24 June 1412 – 2 April 1416 | .jpg) | 27 November 1380 Medina del Campo son of John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon | Eleanor of Alburquerque 1394 8 children | 2 April 1416 Igualada aged 36 |
| Alfonso V the Magnanimous 2 April 1416 – 27 June 1458 |  | 1396 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque | Maria of Castile 1415 No children | 27 June 1458 Naples aged 52 |
| John II the Great 27 June 1458 – 19 January 1479 | .jpg) | 29 June 1398 Medina del Campo son of Ferdinand I and Eleanor of Alburquerque | Blanche I of Navarre 6 November 1419 4 children Juana Enríquez 2 children | 20 January 1479 Barcelona aged 81 |
| Ferdinand II the Catholic 19 January 1479 – 23 January 1516 |  | 10 March 1452 son of John II and Juana Enríquez | Isabella I of Castile 19 October 1469 5 children Germaine of Foix 1505 No children | 23 January 1516 Madrigalejo aged 63 |
| Joanna of Castile 23 January 1516 – 12 April 1555 |  | 6 November 1479 daughter of Ferdinand II and Isabella I | Philip of Austria 20 October 1496 6 children | 12 April 1555 Tordesillas aged 75 |
Nominally co-monarch of her son Charles I, Joanna I was confined for alleged insanity during her whole reign.
During the Catalan Civil War, there were three who claimed his throne, though this never included the Kingdom of Valencia.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry IV of Castile (claimant) House of Trastámara 1462–1463 |  | 5 January 1425 Valladolid son of John II of Castile and Maria of Aragon | Joan of Portugal 1455 1 child | 11 December 1474 Madrid aged 49 |
| Peter V of Aragon (claimant) House of Aviz 1463–1466 |  | 1429 son of Peter, Duke of Coimbra and Isabella of Urgell | never married | 1466 Granollers aged 37 |
| René (claimant) House of Valois-Anjou 1466–1472 |  | 16 January 1409 Château d'Angers son of Louis II of Anjou and Yolande of Aragon | Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine 1420 10 children Jeanne de Laval 10 September 1454 No children | 10 July 1480 Aix-en-Provence aged 71 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles I the Emperor 23 January 1516 – 16 January 1556 |  | 24 February 1500 Ghent son of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile | Isabella of Portugal 10 March 1526 3 children | 21 September 1558 Yuste aged 58 |
| Philip I the Prudent 16 January 1556 – 13 September 1598 |  | 21 May 1527 Valladolid son of Charles I and Isabella of Portugal | Maria of Portugal 1543 1 child Mary I of England 1554 No children Elisabeth of Valois 1559 2 children Anna of Austria 4 May 1570 5 children | 13 September 1598 Madrid aged 71 |
| Philip II the Pious 13 September 1598 – 31 March 1621 |  | 14 April 1578 Madrid son of Philip I and Anna of Austria | Margaret of Austria 18 April 1599 5 children | 31 March 1621 Madrid aged 42 |
| Philip III the Great 31 March 1621 – 17 September 1665 | ,_estudio.jpg) | 8 April 1605 Valladolid son of Philip II and Margaret of Austria | Elisabeth of France 1615 7 children Mariana of Austria 1649 5 children | 17 September 1665 Madrid aged 60 |
| Charles II the Bewitched 17 September 1665 – 1 November 1700 |  | 6 November 1661 Madrid son of Philip III and Mariana of Austria | Marie Louise of Orléans 19 November 1679 No children Maria Anna of Neuburg 14 May 1690 No children | 1 November 1700 Madrid aged 38 |
Aragon itself stayed loyal to Philip IV during the Reapers' War while Catalonia switched allegiance to Louis XIII and Louis XIV the Sun-King (see List of counts of Barcelona). Portugal seceded in 1640. Charles II died without heirs.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip IV the Spirited 1 November 1700 – 1705 | _-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) | 19 December 1683 Versailles son of Louis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria | Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy 2 November 1701 4 children Elisabeth Farnese 24 December 1714 7 children | 9 July 1746 Madrid aged 62 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles III the Archduke 1705–1707 |  | 1 October 1685 Vienna son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg | Elisabeth Christine 1 August 1708 4 children | 20 October 1740 Vienna aged 55 |
Austrian control of the Aragon between 1705 and 1707 determines the establishment of the Council of Aragon.[3]
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip IV the Spirited 1707–1707 | | 19 December 1683 Versailles son of Louis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria | Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy 2 November 1701 4 children Elisabeth Farnese 24 December 1714 7 children | 9 July 1746 Madrid aged 62 |
After the Battle of Almansa in April 1707, Philip V of Spain recovered the Aragon, but imposed the Nueva Planta decrees in June 1707, by which the territory lost its privileges.
During the war (officially in 1707) Philip V of Spain, the first of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain, disbanded the Crown of Aragon. After this time, there are no more Aragonese monarchs. Nevertheless, Spanish monarchs up to Isabella II, while styling themselves king/queen of Spain on coins, still used some of the traditional nomenclature of the defunct Crown of Aragon in their official documents: King/Queen of Castile, Leon, Aragon, both Sicilies, Jerusalem, Navarra, Granada, Toledo, Valencia, Galicia, Majorca, Sevilla, Sardinia, Cordova, Corsica, Murcia, Jaen, the Algarve, Algeciras, Gibraltar, the Canary Islands, the Eastern & Western Indias, the Islands & Mainland of the Ocean sea; Archduke of Austria; Duke of Burgundy, Brabant, Milan; Count of Habsburg, Flanders, Tyrol, Barcelona; Lord of Biscay, Molina.
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