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Electronic musical instrument From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Omnichord is an electronic musical instrument introduced in 1981 by the Suzuki Musical Instrument Corporation.[1] It allows users to play distinctive harp-like arpeggios produced through an electronic strum plate, simulating the experience of playing a stringed instrument. Originally conceived as an electronic Autoharp,[2] the Omnichord found popularity due to its portability, its unique timbre, and its value as a kitsch object.
| Suzuki Omnichord | |
|---|---|
Omnichord OM-150 front panel | |
| Manufacturer | Suzuki Musical Instrument Corporation |
| Dates | 1981–1996, 1999, 2024 |
| Technical specifications | |
| Polyphony | Full polyphony |
| Synthesis type | OM-27/36/84 – Analog, OM-100/150/300 – Sample-based |
| Filter | None |
| Aftertouch expression | No |
| Input/output | |
| Keyboard | Strum plate, chord buttons |
| External control | OM-200M/250M/300 – MIDI out Qchord – MIDI in & out |
The various Omnichord models feature a touch plate that the user strums, organ-like chords, preset drum rhythms and auto-bass line functionality. A grid of buttons allow the user to select major, minor, and 7th chords to be triggered by the strum plate, chord buttons and bass-line accompaniment.
Although production of the original Omnichord line ceased with the OM-300 model in 1996,[3] the instrument has experienced a resurgence in popularity in recent years due to renewed interest in vintage electronic instruments.[4] A new Omnichord model called the OM-108 is due for release in 2024.[5]
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The development of the Omnichord started with a request from an overseas sales company[which?] to make an electronic musical instrument like an auto-harp.[citation needed] Suzuki started with the Tronichord 'PC-27', renamed the Portachord on some units, followed by the first Omnichord 'OM-27', which featured improvements to the interface, such as the chord buttons.[4] The OM-27 and PC-27 and were both released in 1981, but the latter never reached full production.[4][6]
The OM-27 was capable of playing 27 chords, and early models required a rubber plectrum to play, though later models featured an updated strum plate. The OM-27 was a commercial failure,[6] so Suzuki released the OM-36 and OM-84 in 1984, also called the System One and System Two, respectively.[6] The naming convention was originally meant to convey the number of chord types the model can produce, with OM-36 prototypes only able to play 36 chords; however, the OM-36 and OM-84 production models can both play 84 chord types. The OM-84 was the first model to feature an onboard Chord Computer, a feature that allowed the user to record a sequence of chords which could then be played back as accompaniment.[7]
In 1989, Suzuki released the OM-100 and OM-200M, which replaced the OM-36 and OM-84, adding updated sounds, an angled strum plate for more comfortable playing, and an optional strap for standing performances.[8] The OM-200M additionally introduced a MIDI output port, allowing the user to control other MIDI-equipped devices using the Omnichord.[8] The OM-150 and OM-250M offered refreshed sounds,[9] and the OM-300 released in 1995 offered the features of the OM-250M but with further updated sounds.[10]
Suzuki released the Qchord QC1 in 1999; it features more modern versions of the original Omnichord's features such as PCM sampled sounds, and more rhythms.[11] The Qchord additionally features both MIDI input and MIDI output ports. In February 2023, Suzuki announced a new Omnichord model to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the company,[12] called the OM-108, available for pre-order and shipping sometime in mid-2024.[5]
Omnichords feature preset rhythm patterns with tempo and volume control, as well as an auto-bass line feature, which the player can combine to use as a musical accompaniment. The Omnichord's most unique feature is the Sonic Strings strum plate, that allows the player to 'strum' arpeggios like a guitar.[13] Several later models of the Omnichord added MIDI compatibility, a greater selection of sounds for the Sonic Strings, vibrato, and chord memory, called Chord Computer.
The Omnichord was primarily designed as an accompaniment instrument instead of a melody instrument,[13] an ideal way to accompany a singer with basic rhythms and the ability to easily play chords[14] with little music theory knowledge.
The most basic method of playing the instrument is to press the chord buttons and swipe the strum plate with a finger in imitation of strumming a stringed instrument. The strum plate may also be touched in one place to create a single note, or touched rhythmically to produce rhythmic patterns.
The Omnichord has three main sound generators:[15]
Later models feature a chord sequencer in a Chord Memory section that would allow the user to record up to 51 chords in sequence and play them back automatically or via a footswitch.[13]
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Eurythmics used chords and Sonic Strings from an Omnichord OM-27 on "Love Is a Stranger" from their 1983 album Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This).[17]
Canadian producer Daniel Lanois has used Omnichords throughout his career; he used one on "Deep Blue Day", from the 1983 album Apollo: Atmospheres and Soundtracks by Lanois, Brian Eno and Roger Eno, saying "It mimics strings and has a little built-in bass element: almost one-stop instrument that provides a whole sound of an entire band. We found that by recording this thing and slowing it down, we were able to get this very beautiful, deep, jukebox sound."[18]
Lanois later used an Omnichord on U2's "Trip Through Your Wires" from their 1987 album The Joshua Tree,[19] which was also co-produced with Brian Eno. It was plugged it into The Edge's echo effects amplifiers to create the organ chords and "jangling" sound in the background. Lanois referred to the Omnichord as a "toy instrument" with a "beautiful bell-like sound".[20] He has also used Omnichord's in his solo work, such as on his 1989 debut album Acadie.[21] Eno played an Omnichord in a live performance of "Miss Sarajevo" with U2 and Luciano Pavarotti in 1995.[22]
Joni Mitchell played an Omnichord on "The Only Joy in Town" from the 1991 album Night Ride Home,[23] and David Bowie played an Omnichord in his live cover of Simon & Garfunkel's "America" for The Concert for New York City in 2001.[24] Damon Albarn of Gorillaz used the Omnichord OM-300's "Rock 1" preset for the drum beat of "Clint Eastwood", which was included on the 2001 album Gorillaz.[25][26]
Meshell Ndegeocello's 2023 album The Omnichord Real Book became the first recipient of the newly created Grammy Award for Best Alternative Jazz Album at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards.[27] Ndegeocello explains "The Omnichord gave me a way to work out melodies and ideas without having to look at a screen."[28]
| Model | Released | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| OM-27 | 1981[29] | Original model with 27 chord types.[30] |
| OM-36 | 1984[29] | also called System One. Can play 84 different chord types.[7] |
| OM-84 | 1984 | also called System Two. Can play 84 chord types and first to feature onboard Chord Computer. |
| OM-100 | 1989[29] | Entry model replacing OM-36. |
| OM-200M | 1989 | Premium model replacing OM-84. Adds MIDI Out (denoted by the 'M').[8] |
| OM-150 | 1993[29] | Replaces OM-100 with an updated sound engine. |
| OM-250M | 1993 | Replaces OM-200M with an updated sound engine.[9] |
| OM-300 | 1996[29] | Replaces OM-250M with updated sounds.[10] |
| Qchord QC1 | 1999 | Contained new digital sounds and featured MIDI In and MIDI Out. |
| OM-108[29] | 2024 | Rerelease commemorating the 70th anniversary of the founding of Suzuki.[31] |
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